“…The ever-increasing performance demands of LIBs largely depend on the selection of electrode materials [5,6]. Therefore, considerable efforts have been focused on the rational design of electrode materials with diverse morphologies and structures, which can deliver superior cycling performance and rate properties [7,8]. However, as conventional anode materials, the application of graphite and carbon-based materials have been still limited by their low lithium insertion potential and lithium diffusion coefficient, which always leads to the formation of lithium dendrites on the surface of electrodes after consecutive cycles, as well as the rapid capacity fading.…”