Hierarchical earthquake shelter planning in urban areas: A case for Shanghai in China

Li, Huiyong; Zhao, Laijun; Huang, Rongbing; Hu, Qi

doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.01.007

Cited by 55 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The three-level hierarchical model considered distance and capacity constraints to solve the optimization problem of Yanjiao Town in Hebei Province, China using LINGO software. Li et al [76] considered hierarchical emergency shelter planning for earthquake disasters in urban areas, taking into consideration the estimation of time-varying refuge demand. Then, they formulated an integrated location-allocation model that was used sequentially: an emergency shelter location model to satisfy the time-varying shelter demand, with the objective of minimizing the total setup cost of locating the shelters, and an allocation model that allocated the evacuees to shelters, with the objective of minimizing their total evacuation distance [10].…”

Section: General Hierarchical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site Selection Models in Natural Disaster Shelters: A Review

Xü

Qin

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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Constructing natural disaster shelters is important for disaster emergency management, and site selection models provide a feasible technique and method. This paper presents site selection models for natural disaster shelters. A synthesis of the types, objectives, constraints, methods of solutions, targeted disasters and applications of different site selection models for natural disaster shelters is investigated. Shelter location models can be classified as single-objective models, multiobjective models and hierarchical models, according to the objective and hierarchy type. Minimizing the evacuation distance or time, shelter construction cost or number, and the total risk are the general objectives of the models. Intelligent optimization algorithms are widely used to solve the models, instead of the Geographic Information System (GIS) method, due to the complexity of the problem. The results indicate that the following should be the main focuses of future works: How to set a model that can be applied for determining the shelter locations of multiple disasters; how to consider the uncertainty in the models; how to improve the existing algorithms or models to solve large-scale location-allocation problems; and how to develop a new resource-saving model that is consistent with the concept of sustainable development, as advocated by shelter planners and policy makers, which can be applied in real situations. This study allows those undertaking shelter location research to situate their work within the context of shelter planning.

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Section: General Hierarchical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site Selection Models in Natural Disaster Shelters: A Review

Xü

Qin

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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“…Type III provides a safe place for evacuees for more than one month. Furthermore, Zhao et al [24] divided earthquake shelters into two types, whereas Chen et al [10] and Li et al [25] proposed that earthquake shelters should be divided into three types, namely immediate shelter (houses evacuees for the first day), short-term shelter (houses evacuees for up to ten days) and long-term shelter (house evacuees from ten days to a month). Thus, it is obvious that taking shelter types into account is important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although a few studies have taken shelter type into account, there is room for improvement. For example, in the studies of Chen et al [10] and Li et al [25], evacuees were allocated to shelters of different types based only on a single objective, which is to minimize the total distance travelled by evacuees. However, it is necessary to consider other objectives, such as minimizing total shelter investment according to the types of shelters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, according to the experience of the current works, setting three types of earthquake shelters is better. For example, Chen et al [10] and Li et al [25] set three types for earthquake shelters. Additionally, the earthquake shelter is divided into three types in Japan and America.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To accommodate evacuees for such a long time, the investment is very high. However, according to the studies of [25][26][27], most evacuees would not stay in shelters longer than ten days after an earthquake. Thus, setting short-term shelters is important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Three-Stage Hierarchical Model for An Earthquake Shelter Location-Allocation Problem: Case Study of Chaoyang District, Beijing, China

et al. 2019

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Earthquakes are one type of natural disaster that causes serious economic loss, deaths, and homelessness, and providing shelters is vital to evacuees who have been affected by an earthquake. Constructing shelters with reasonable capacity in the right locations and allocating evacuees to them in a reasonable time period is one disaster management method. This study proposes a multi-objective hierarchical model with three stages, i.e., an immediate shelter (IS) stage, a short-term shelter (STS) stage, and a long-term shelter (LTS) stage. According to the requirements of evacuees of IS, STS, and LTS, the objective of both the IS and STS stages is to minimize total evacuation time and the objectives of the LTS are to minimize total evacuation time and to minimize total shelter area. A modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO) algorithm is used to solve the IS and STS stages and an interleaved modified particle swarm optimization algorithm and genetic algorithm (MPSO-GA) is applied to solve the LTS stage. Taking Chaoyang District, Beijing, China as a case study, the results generated using the model present the government with a set of options. Thus, according to the preferences of the government, the determination can be made regarding where to construct ISs, STSs, and LTSs, and how to allocate the evacuees to them.

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