Hierarchical Electrohydrodynamic Structures for Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering

Oppenheimer, Pola Goldberg; Mahajan, Sumeet; Steiner, Ullrich

doi:10.1002/adma.201104159

Cited by 37 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…As can be seen from Figure 4b, the contact angles increased in both parallel and perpendicular directions to 152° and 125° respectively. Another important characteristic of hierarchical structures is that they can enhance the Raman signal of molecules adsorbed4546. Palladium hierarchical structure is also found to enhance the Raman signal of the adsorbed thiol molecules (Figure 4c).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Metal hierarchical patterning by direct nanoimprint lithography

Radha

Lim

Saifullah

et al. 2013

Sci Rep

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Three-dimensional hierarchical patterning of metals is of paramount importance in diverse fields involving photonics, controlling surface wettability and wearable electronics. Conventionally, this type of structuring is tedious and usually involves layer-by-layer lithographic patterning. Here, we describe a simple process of direct nanoimprint lithography using palladium benzylthiolate, a versatile metal-organic ink, which not only leads to the formation of hierarchical patterns but also is amenable to layer-by-layer stacking of the metal over large areas. The key to achieving such multi-faceted patterning is hysteretic melting of ink, enabling its shaping. It undergoes transformation to metallic palladium under gentle thermal conditions without affecting the integrity of the hierarchical patterns on micro- as well as nanoscale. A metallic rice leaf structure showing anisotropic wetting behavior and woodpile-like structures were thus fabricated. Furthermore, this method is extendable for transferring imprinted structures to a flexible substrate to make them robust enough to sustain numerous bending cycles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Metal hierarchical patterning by direct nanoimprint lithography

Radha

Lim

Saifullah

et al. 2013

Sci Rep

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“…While majority of the structures investigated mainly revolves around pillars, cylinders or columnar architectures, [47][48][49] they may not be the most efficient design for SERS. For instance, in the trace sensing of biphenyls using 3D ZnO cone-shaped arrays ion sputtered with Ag NPs, [32] the unidirectional sputtering of Ag leads to inhomogeneous NP deposition and results in variations in SERS Page 8 of 35 signals, especially along the z-axis.…”

Section: Top-down Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to theoretical simulations ( Figure 5), the liquid adhesive force can promote a closely packed assembly of particles, and the interparticle distance is not fixed but can be balanced in a small range, which results in a large number of hotspots in a 3D geometry. This kind of 3D hotspot matrix not only produces a Raman enhancement of 10 7 -10 8 , [2,3,45,48] but also provides the structural basis for trapping molecules.…”

Section: Emerging Liquid-state 3d Plasmonic Hotspotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional SERS hot spots for chemical sensing: Towards developing a practical analyzer

Liu

Yang

Liu

2016

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

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“…Periodic metallic materials could provide hotspots with high density, reproducibility and uniformity, which completely meet the requirement of valid SERS substrates, and therefore numerous efforts have been dedicated to engineering periodic metallic materials with novel nanomorphologies, including nanofingers, 6 nanorods, 7 nanoridges 8 and other hierarchical structures. [9][10][11] However, apart from their high cost and timeconsuming synthesis, most of these substrates suffer from a limited density of hotspots distributed in either one-dimensional or twodimensional space.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly sensitive, reproducible and uniform SERS substrates with a high density of three-dimensionally distributed hotspots: gyroid-structured Au periodic metallic materials

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2018

NPG Asia Mater

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Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an important tool for the analytical, trace detection of many inorganic and organic materials, especially for materials involved in medical care, food safety and environmental pollution. Numerous efforts have been dedicated to exploring periodic metallic materials with a high density of hotspots. However, for most periodic metallic materials fabricated by top-down and bottom-up approaches, the distribution of hotspots is restricted to one or two dimensions. Here, for the first time, we report the successful fabrication of a bio-inspired bicontinuous gyroid-structured Au SERS substrate with a high density of three-dimensionally (3D) distributed hotspots. The as-required gyroid-structured substrates were demonstrated to be highly sensitive, reproducible and uniform, with an enhancement factor of up to 10 9 . Finite-difference time domain (FDTD) simulations were conducted to reveal the mechanism leading to the high enhancement and we found that the interconnected helices in the gyroid structure not only increase the hotspot density but also contribute to increasing the scattering cross-section of the incident laser. The substrate was then adopted for the SERS detection of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, the most frequently used plasticizer in food, paints, house-hold items, perfumes and so on, and reached a detection limit of 1 fM, which is among the best results ever reported. Moreover, the mechanism deduced here will provide insight into the future design and selection of novel surface plasmonic resonance substrates, as many other bicontinuous interconnected systems are available. NPG Asia Materials (2018) 10, e462; doi:10.1038/am.2017.230; published online 12 January 2018 INTRODUCTIONThe fabrication of surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) materials with ultra-high plasmonic enhancement has long been a critical research area due to their broad applications as chemical sensors, biological sensors, plasmonic solar cells, photocatalysts and other environmentally friendly devices. 1-3 Among these applications, the most famous is the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection of trace analytes, especially for analytes involved in medical care, food safety and environmental pollution. Various nanoparticle systems with novel nanomorphologies and their assemblies have been fabricated and reported to show excellent SPR performance. 2-5 However, SERS nanostructures composed of nanoparticles face significant challenges in achieving a reproducible and uniform Raman response due to the difficulty in fabricating uniform SERS active sites. Periodic metallic materials could provide hotspots with high density, reproducibility and uniformity, which completely meet the requirement of valid SERS substrates, and therefore numerous efforts have been dedicated to engineering periodic metallic materials with novel nanomorphologies,

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Hierarchical Electrohydrodynamic Structures for Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering

Cited by 37 publications

References 19 publications

Metal hierarchical patterning by direct nanoimprint lithography

Metal hierarchical patterning by direct nanoimprint lithography

Three-dimensional SERS hot spots for chemical sensing: Towards developing a practical analyzer

Highly sensitive, reproducible and uniform SERS substrates with a high density of three-dimensionally distributed hotspots: gyroid-structured Au periodic metallic materials

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