Hierarchical Mesoporous SnO₂ Nanosheets on Carbon Cloth: A Robust and Flexible Electrocatalyst for CO₂ Reduction with High Efficiency and Selectivity

Abstract

Figure 5. a) i-t curve and FE for formate of SnO 2 /CC electrode in CO 2saturated 0.5 m NaHCO 3 solution at an applied potential of À1.6 V for 24 h. b) i-t curves of the SnO 2 /CC electrode at À1.6 V after folding or twisting 10 times.

Sulfur-Modulated Tin Sites Enable Highly Selective Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Formate

“…6,14,16 Different strategies have been explored to control selectivity, reduce overpotentials, and increase energy efficiency. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] From a materials perspective, the choice of metals can be used to tailor CO 2 RR selectivity. For example, metals such as Pd, Pb, Co, Hg, In, Bi, Cd, or Sn have been reported to favor selectivity toward formate over carbon monoxide or hydrogen.…”

Reaction Mechanisms of the Electrochemical Conversion of Carbon Dioxide to Formic Acid on Tin Oxide Electrodes

“…Although Tafel slopes less than 60 mV dec −1 have been rarely observed, a Tafel slope corresponding to 40 mV dec −1 can be assigned to n p =1 and n q =1. Based on the elementary steps for HCOO − production, 40 mV dec −1 means that the reaction steps of Equation (5) or Equation (4–5) are the RDS …”

“…In addition, partially oxidized atomic Co layers showed a current density of 10 mA cm −2 with a selectivity of 90 % at an overpotential of only 240 mV due to high CO 2 adsorption capacity and fast electrokinetics of the atomically thin layers . Moreover, a three‐dimensional (3D) hierarchical electrode composed of mesoporous SnO 2 nanosheets on carbon cloth enabled an extremely high partial current density of approximately 45 mA cm −2 with a high FE of 87 % at −1.6 V vs. Ag/AgCl . The superior performance of the 3D electrode was attributed to its large surface area and facilitated mass‐transfer properties .…”

Novel combustion synthesis of carbon foam‑aluminum fluoride nanocomposite materials

“…and other compounds, such as metallic-and/or inorganic-based nano-sized particles, clusters or thin films [1][2][3][4][5]. Such composite materials may exhibit a combination of properties favorable for rapidly expanding and materials-oriented research areas, including gas sensing [6], carbon dioxide conversion [7], hydrogen storage [8], electrochemical energy storage [9], water treatment [10] and capacitive desalination [11]. Their promising performance in such applications is attributed not only to the individual characteristics of the host carbonaceous support and the hosted/embedded substance, but also to the potential synergy between the two.…”