Hierarchical Node Replication Attacks Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are composed of numerous low-cost, low-power sensor nodes communicating at short distance through wireless links. Sensors are densely deployed to collect and transmit data of the physical world to one or few destinations called the sinks. Because of open deployment in hostile environment and the use of low-cost materials, powerful adversaries could capture them to extract sensitive information (encryption keys, identities, addresses, etc.). When nodes may be compromised, "beyond cryptography" algorithmic solutions must be envisaged to complement the cryptographic solutions. This paper addresses the problem of nodes replication; that is, an adversary captures one or several nodes and inserts duplicated nodes at any location in the network. If no specific detection mechanisms are established, the attacker could lead many insidious attacks. In this work, we first introduce a new hierarchical distributed algorithm for detecting node replication attacks using a Bloom filter mechanism and a cluster head selection (see also Znaidi et al. (2009)). We present a theoretical discussion on the bounds of our algorithm. We also perform extensive simulations of our algorithm for random topologies, and we compare those results with other proposals of the literature. Finally, we show the effectiveness of our algorithm and its energy efficiency.

An Improved Mobility-Based Control Protocol for Tolerating Clone Failures in Wireless Sensor Networks

“…In the study by Znaidi et al [22] a mechanism based on a three-tier hierarchical network structure was used. The principle of the scheme is based on the use of a Bloom filter.…”

Nomenclature of Medium Access Control Protocol over Wireless Sensor Networks

“…In this attack, malicious node captures the ID of the legitimate node, and then it uses for communication purposes to obtain the confidential information. Controlling this situation, randomized, efficient, and distributed (RED) [51], bypassing neighbor-based detection (BND) [52], distributed detection (DD) [53], and hierarchical node replication attacks detection (HNRAD) [54] were proposed. These approaches help identify the inserted legitimate node in the network.…”

A survey on proficient techniques to mitigate Clone attack in wireless sensor networks

“…Each sensor node has a unique ID and is identified by its ID in the network. Most of the replica detection mechanisms described by authors in [6], [8] relies on ID based signature techniques for node authentication. With the adoption of ID based techniques, the attacker can not associate new ID with the sensor node due to the fact that each node's private/public key pair is bind to its node Id.…”

“…A hierarchical distributed scheme to detect replicated nodes in the clusters by employing bloom filter mechanisms is outlined in [8]. The cluster heads selection is performed by (LNCA) clustering protocol.…”

“…The cluster heads selection is performed by (LNCA) clustering protocol. The detection process works in three steps: [6] O(x 2 ) O(1) SET [5] O(x) O(d) DRP [7] O(x log x) -CBA [8] O(t 2 ) O(t) SFV [10] c.(1+ratio) O(d)…”