Hierarchical selection in modular organisms

Tuomi, Juhn; Vuorisalo, Timo

doi:10.1016/0169-5347(89)90075-x

Cited by 98 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Chimerism would be maintained by the same selective forces acting in interspecific parasitism~, but now operating on lines of totipotent cells (e.g. sponge archeocytes or tunicate stem cells), rather than at the individual or colony level (Tuomi & Vuorisalo 1989, Pancer et al 1995.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do chimeric sponges have improved chances of survival?

Maldonado¹

1998

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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It has been suggested that the capacity of fusion with both kin and genetically unrelated conspecifics to form chimeras (i.e. individuals wlth a mixture of genetically different cells) is evolutionarily retalned In several phyla because the resulting organism obtains some selective advantages over non-chimeric conspecifics. Many demosponges are known to have fusible larvae that form young chimeric sponges, but the ecological and evolutionary significance of this phenomenon has seldom been investigated. It is reasoned here that if chimeras have a selective advantage, their formation will be expected to be favored by mechanisms promoting larval encounters at settlement. By using sibling larvae of the demosponge Tedania ignis in the laboratory, I tested the hypothesis that larvae show a natural tendency to aggregate and form chimeras In a 50 d field-transplantation experiment using chimenc sponges obtained from the fusion of 2 sibling larvae, 1 also tested the hypothes~s that size and survival are increased in chimeric ind~viduals compared to non-chimeric ones and investigated the permanent versus transitory character of this chimensn~. It was found that larvae did not show any significant tendency to settle spontaneously near siblings, and no fusion between s~blings took place. When pairs of larvae were forced to settle in contact, fusion was, however, the outcome in all cases. It was also found that, although chimeric sponges were stable and about twice as large as non-chimeric sponges, they did not show increased survival. These results disprove the common argument that the capacity of fusion with conspecifics is evolutionarily retained in many sponges because the gain in size after fusion improves the chances of survival of the resulting chimeric individual.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do chimeric sponges have improved chances of survival?

Maldonado¹

1998

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Thus it requires that group-level traits (e.g. spatial dispersion or density of ramets within genets, see modify fitness at the level of the reproductive units (Tuomi and Vuorisalo 1989b). In contrast, genotypic selection operates exclusively at the level of the reproductive units (i.e.…”

Section: The Relationship Between Genotypic and Hierarchical Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…among genets) through its influence on the fitness of the reproductive units which comprise them (e.g. ramets; Tuomi and Vuorisalo, 1989b;Pederson and Tuomi 1995). Thus it requires that group-level traits (e.g.…”

Section: The Relationship Between Genotypic and Hierarchical Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology and Evolutionary Biology of Clonal Plants

Stuefer¹,

Erschbamer²,

Huber³

et al. 2002

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“…E Highly important for our model is the fact that a plant is composed of many repeating units*branches (Whitham & Slobodchiko!, 1981). While animals are composed of di!erent systems (at the organ level of organization) which have to cooperate in order to survive and reproduce via a single reproductive bottleneck, the equivalent units in plants are able to reproduce independently (Tuomi & Vuorisalo, 1989). Thus, they are capable of competition.…”

Section: Somatic Mutations In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Conflict Between Two Evolutionary Levels in Trees

Hadany

2001

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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Hierarchical selection in modular organisms

Cited by 98 publications

References 21 publications

Do chimeric sponges have improved chances of survival?

Do chimeric sponges have improved chances of survival?

Ecology and Evolutionary Biology of Clonal Plants

A Conflict Between Two Evolutionary Levels in Trees

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