Hierarchies of engagement and understanding: Community engagement during archaeological excavations at Khao Toh Chong rockshelter, Krabi, Thailand

Marwick, Ben; Shoocongdej, Rasmi; Thongcharoenchaikit, Cholawit; Chaisuwan, Boonyarit; Khowkhiew, Chaowalit; Kwak, Seungki

doi:10.22459/ta36.12.2013.09

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Research from other archaeological and heritage management project within the Lao PDR also illustrate how the incorporation of multivocal heritage, community value systems and management practices support successful outcomes (Egloff 1997(Egloff , 2003Kallen 2004;Marwick et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where the Global meets the Local: Managing Caves as Heritage Places within a Mining and Extractive Industry in the Lao PDR ຈຸດເຊື່ອມໂຍງຂອງທ້ອງຖິ່ນ ແລະ ສາກົນ: ການຄຸ້ມຄອງຖໍ້າ ແຫຼ່ງມໍລະດົກທ່າມກາງ

Roberts

2020

SPJ

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Caves meet many unique human and cultural needs as a geological component of local ecology. Within Vilabouly District, Savannakhet Province, southern Lao PDR, caves and their surrounding environments are identified to hold multiple uses and values for local Phou Tay and Brou ethnolinguistic groups. Caves hold overlapping and interdependent uses and values between the past, the present, and the future, and can be considered as ‘living’ and often ‘sacred’ natural places. Establishment of the Sepon Gold & Copper Mine (Sepon Mine) in Vilabouly District during the early 21st century introduced a range of new ideas, uses, and values for caves via implementation of international regulations and ‘best practice’ for cultural heritage and environmental management. International definitions and practices for heritage management often prioritise tangible and singular values of heritage over multiple or interconnected uses and values, and meaningful engagement of the local community in management processes is often limited. At the Sepon Mine caves were predominately managed for geoheritage, biodiversity, and archaeological values, and mitigation efforts were challenged by complex and ineffective land-tenure arrangements. In this paper I examine the application of international heritage management practices as part of mining operations at the Sepon Mine between 2008 and 2015. Focusing on caves as ‘heritage places’ I consider the benefit and challenge to incorporate community needs and values in heritage managing process within mining operations. I conclude by proposing integration of regional heritage charters and protocols within mining and extractive industries in the Lao PDR and Southeast Asia, to encourage amalgamation of local, national, and regional beliefs and practices with international ‘best practice’ in the aim to develop more contextually relevant and sustainable heritage management and conservation practices.ຖໍ້າເປັນສະຖານທີ່ທີ່ສາມາດຕອບສະໜອງຄວາມຕ້ອງການດ້ານວັດຖຸ ແລະ ຈິດໃຈຂອງມະນຸດ ແລະ ປຽບເໝືອນເປັນສ່ວນປະກອບໜຶ່ງທາງດ້ານທໍລະນີສາດຂອງນິເວດວິທະຍາທ້ອງຖິ່ນ. ພາຍໃນເມືອງວິລະບູລີ, ແຂວງສະຫວັນນະເຂດ, ພາກໃຕ້ຂອງ ສປປ ລາວ, ບັນດາຖໍ້າ ແລະ ສະພາບແວດລ້ອມອ້ອມຂ້າງຖໍ້າ ໄດ້ຖືກພິຈາລະນາວ່າ ມີຄຸນຄ່າທາງວັດທະນະທໍາ ແລະ ໄດ້ມີການນໍາໃຊ້ໃນຫຼາຍໆກິດຈະກໍາ ໂດຍກຸ່ມຊົນເຜົ່າພື້ນເມືອງ ເຜົ່າຜູ້ໄທ ແລະ ເຜົ່າບຣາວ. ຖໍ້າຕ່າງໆນັ້ນ ຖືໄດ້ວ່າເປັນສະຖານທີ່ທີ່ມີຄຸນຄ່າເຊິ່ງມັນໄດ້ຖືກນໍາໃຊ້ຢ່າງອິດສະຫຼະ ແລະ ທັບຊ້ອນກັນແບບເປັນຊັ້ນໆລະຫວ່າງອາດີດ; ປັດຈຸບັນ ແລະ ອະນາຄົດ ເຊິ່ງບາງແຫຼ່ງກໍອາດເປັນ “ທີ່ຢູ່ອາໄສ ແລະ ມີຄວາມສັກສິດ” ແຫຼ່ງທໍາມະຊາດ. ພາຍຫຼັງລິເລີ່ມການຂຸດຄົ້ນບໍ່ຄໍາ-ບໍ່ທອງເຊໂປນ ໃນເມືອງວິລະບູລີ ໃນຊ່ວງຕົ້ນສະຕະວັດທີ 21 ໄດ້ເລີ່ມມີແນວຄວາມຄິດໃໝ່ ໃນການເພີ່ມທູນຄຸນຄ່າມໍລະດົກສະຖານປະເພດຖໍ້າ ໂດຍການປະຕິບັດຕາມກົດລະບຽບຂອງສາກົນ ແລະ “ມີການປະຕິບັດຢ່າງດີທີ່ສຸດ” ສໍາລັບການຄຸ້ມຄອງມໍລະດົກວັດທະນະທໍາ ແລະ ສິ່ງແວດລ້ອມອ້ອມຂ້າງ. ບົດບັນຍັດ ແລະ ການປະຕິບັດລະຫວ່າງປະເທດ ໃນການຄຸ້ມຄອງມໍລະດົກ ມັກຈະໃຫ້ບຸລິມະສິດແກ່ບັນດາມໍລະດົກທາງຮູບປະທໍາ ແລະ ສິ່ງທີ່ມີຄຸນຄ່າສະເພາະ ຫຼາຍກວ່າມໍລະດົກທີ່ເປັນລັກສະນະນາມມະທໍາ ຫຼື ສິ່ງທີ່ມີຄຸນຄ່າ ແລະ ການນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ຄຸມເຄືອກັນ, ແລະ ຊຸມຊົນທ້ອງຖິ່ນມີບໍ່ທັນມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມໃນຂະບວນການຄຸ້ມຄອງມໍລະດົກເທົ່າທີ່ຄວນ. ສໍາລັບຖໍ້າທີ່ຢູ່ບໍລິເວນບໍ່ແຮ່ເຊໂປນໄດ້ຖືກຄຸ້ມຄອງເປັນສ່ວນໃຫຍ່ ໂດຍສະເພາະດ້ານພູມີສາດ, ຊີວະນາໆພັນ ແລະ ຄຸນຄ່າທາງໂບຮານຄະດີ. ຄວາມພະຍາຍາມຫຼຸດຜ່ອນບັນຫາໃນການຄຸ້ມຄອງຖືວ່າ ເປັນສິ່ງທ້າທາຍ ໂດຍສະເພາະການຈັດສັນສິດຄອບຄອງທີ່ດິນທີ່ຍັງມີຄວາມສະຫຼັບຊັບຊ້ອນ ແລະ ບໍ່ມີປະສິດຕິພາບ. ໃນໜັງສືສະບັບນີ້, ຜູ້ຂຽນໄດ້ຍົກຕົວຢ່າງ ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດການຄຸ້ມຄອງມໍລະດົກແບບສາກົນມານໍາໃຊ້ ເຊິ່ງຖືວ່າເປັສ່ວນໜຶ່ງໃນຂໍ້ຕົກລົງຂອງໂຄງການຂຸດຄົ້ນບໍ່ແຮ່ທີ່ເຊໂປນລະຫວ່າງປີ 2008 ແລະ 2015. ໂດຍມຸ່ງເປົ້າໄປທີ່ຖໍ້າ ເຊິ່ງຖືວ່າເປັນ “ມໍລະດົກສະຖານ” ຜູ້ຂຽນໄດ້ພິຈາລະນາເຖິງ ຜົນປະໂຫຍດ ແລະ ສິ່ງທ້າທາຍ ເພື່ອລວມເອົາຄຸນຄ່າ ແລະ ຄວາມຕ້ອງການຂອງຊຸມຊົນໃນຂະບວນການຄຸ້ມຄອງມໍລະດົກ ພາຍໃນການດໍາເນີນໂຄງການຂຸດຄົ້ນບໍ່ແຮ່. ຜູ້ຂຽນໄດ້ສະຫຼຸບໂດຍສະເໜີ ການເຊື່ອມໂຍງບັນດາມໍລະດົກ ແລະ ອະນຸສັນຍາພາກພື້ນ ໃນອຸດສະຫະກໍາການຂຸດຄົ້ນບໍ່ແຮ່ ໃນສປປລາວ ແລະ ອາຊີຕາເວັນອອກສ່ຽງໃຕ້, ເພື່ອກະຕຸກຊຸກຍູ້ການປະສົມປະສານກັບຄວາມເຊື່ອ ແລະ ການປະຕິບັດຂອງທ້ອງຖິ່ນ, ແຫ່ງຊາດ ແລະ ພາກພື້ນ ດ້ວຍການປະຕິບັດຢ່າງມີປະສິດຕິຜົນທີ່ສຸດລະຫວ່າງປະເທດ ເພື່ອແນໃສ່ໃຫ້ມີການພັດທະນາໃນວຽກງານການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ແລະ ການອະນຸລັກມໍລະດົກທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງໃຫ້ມີຄວາມຍືນຍົງ.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where the Global meets the Local: Managing Caves as Heritage Places within a Mining and Extractive Industry in the Lao PDR ຈຸດເຊື່ອມໂຍງຂອງທ້ອງຖິ່ນ ແລະ ສາກົນ: ການຄຸ້ມຄອງຖໍ້າ ແຫຼ່ງມໍລະດົກທ່າມກາງ

Roberts

2020

SPJ

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“…In regions where a European colonial presence was extensive, such as the United States and Australia, archaeology has been important for providing evidence for Indigenous groups who are seeking recognition, compensation, and autonomy from federal governments (Lightfoot et al 2013;Lilley 2000). In other cases, archaeology can provide local and Indigenous communities with an increased sense of belonging, community legitimacy and familiarity with the place they live by showing continuity of lifeways from prehistory into the present (Marwick et al 2013).…”

Section: Over-researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Over-research and ethics dumping in international archaeology | Nghiên cứu mang tính lối mòn và sự tha hóa về mặt đạo đức trong khảo cổ học quốc tế | ိုင်ငံတကာေရှးေဟာင်းသုေတသနပညာရပ်မှ မဆီေလျာ်ေသာ သုေတသနများှင့် မသင့်ေလျာ်ေသာ ကျင့်ဝတ်များ

Marwick

Pham²,

Ko³

2020

SPJ

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Among public health researchers two ethical concerns have recently stimulated discussion: “overresearch” and “ethics dumping”. Over-research refers to a situation where the host community are not benefiting from research activity conducted by outsiders. Ethics dumping refers to doing research deemed unethical in a researcher’s home country in a foreign setting with laxer ethical rules. We briefly review the origins of these terms and explore their relevance for archaeology, with special consideration of Southeast Asia. To minimize over-research and ethics dumping in archaeology we propose some modest, specific activities that should be possible for all archaeologists to do to increase the benefit of their research to local communities, and to ensure their work is consistent with international ethical standards.Tóm tắt: “Trong những điểm chung về tính lành mạnh của các nhà nghiên cứu, hai mối quan tâm về mặt đạo đức gần đây đã thúc đẩy thảo luận về: “nghiên cứu mang tính lối mòn và sự tha hóa về mặt đạo đức”. Nghiên cứu mang tính lối mòn ám chỉ tới một trạng thái mà cộng đồng sở tại không được hưởng lợi từ các hoạt động nghiên cứu đã tiến hành bởi người ngoài. Sự tha hóa về đạo đức ám chỉ tới việc thực hiện nghiên cứu phi đạo đức không theo một số quy tắc đạo đức ở chính quê hương của mỗi nhà nghiên cứu khi thực hiện nghiên cứu ở bên ngoài quốc gia của họ vì các quy tắc lỏng lẻo về mặt đạo đức. Chúng tôi sẽ xem xét ngắn gọn một số căn nguyên của các thuật ngữ này và tìm hiểu sự liên quan của chúng đối với khảo cổ học, bằng cách xem xét cụ thể ở Đông Nam Á. Để có thể giảm thiểu việc nghiên cứu mang tính lối mòn và sự tha hóa về mặt đạo đức, chúng tôi đề xuất những hành động cụ thể và trong chừng mực mà các nhà khảo cổ học có thể thực hiện nhằm gia tăng lợi ích nghiên cứu của họ đối với các cộng đồng sở tại, và cũng là để củng cố việc làm của họ sao cho phù hợp với các tiêu chuẩn đạo đức quốc tế.မဆီေလျာ်ေသာ သုေတတန (over research) ဟုဆိုလိုရာတွင် သုေတသနြပလုပ်ေသာ ိုင်ငံ (သို) ေနရာသည် ၎င်းသုေတသန၏ အကျိးေကျးဇူးအား ခံစားခွင့်မရှိဘဲ သုေတသနလာေရာက်ြပလုပ် ေသာ အဖွဲအစည်းမှ အကျိးအြမတ်အားလံုးကို ရရှိခံစားြခင်းကို ဆိုလိုပါသည်။ မသင့်ေလျာ်ေသာ ကျင့်ဝတ်များ (ethics dumping) ဆိုသည်မှာ ိုင်ငံတကာကျင့်ဝတ်များကို ေကျာေထာက်ေနာက်ခံထား၍ သုေတသနြပလုပ်ရာတွင် ၎င်းတိုထက် ေလျာ့နည်းေသာ ကျင့်ဝတ်များှင့် သုေတသန လက်ခံလုပ် ေဆာင်ေသာိုင်ငံတွင် ကျင့်သံုးြခင်းဟု မှတ်ယူိုင်ပါသည်။ အေရှေတာင်အာရှိုင်ငံများကို အထူးထည့် သွင်းစ်းစားြခင်းအားြဖင့် က်ုပ်တိုသည် အထက်ေဖာ်ြပခဲ့ေသာ အေကာင်းအရာများ၏ မူလရင်းြမစ်ှင့် ၎င်းတိုှင့် ဆက်စပ်ေနေသာ ေရှးေဟာင်းသုေတသနလုပ်ငန်းရပ်များကို အကျ်းချံးြပန်လည် သံုးသပ် ထားပါသည်။ ေရှးေဟာင်းသုေတသနတွင် မဆီေလျာ်ေသာ သုေတသန ှင့် မသင့်ေလျာ်ေသာ ကျင့်ဝတ် များအတွက် ေခတ်မီ၍ တိကျေသာ လုပ်ေဆာင်ချက်များကို အကျ်းချပ်၍ တင်ြပလိုက်ပါသည်။ ေခတ်မီ၍ တိကျေသာ လုပ်ေဆာင်ချက်များကို ဆိုလိုရာတွင် ေရှးေဟာင်းသုေတသနပညာရှင်အားလံုးတို သည် သုေတသနြပလုပ်ေသာေဒသအတွင်း အကျိးစီးပွါးတိုးတက်မကို အမှန်တကယ် အေထာက်အကူ ြဖစ်ေစရန် ှင့် ၎င်းတို၏ သုေတသနလုပ်ငန်းများသည် ိုင်ငံတကာ ကျင့်ဝတ်များှင့်အညီ တသတ်မတ် တည်း လုပ်ေဆာင်ရန် ရည်ရွယ်ပါသည်။

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Ancient Skeletons In Situ: Evaluating Bone Diagenesis at an Open-Air Archaeological Site and Community Museum in Central Thailand

Palefsky,

Lertcharnrit,

Trayler

et al. 2024

J Archaeol Method Theory

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Hierarchies of engagement and understanding: Community engagement during archaeological excavations at Khao Toh Chong rockshelter, Krabi, Thailand

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Ancient Skeletons In Situ: Evaluating Bone Diagenesis at an Open-Air Archaeological Site and Community Museum in Central Thailand

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