High-Altitude Wild Species Solanum arcanum LA385—A Potential Source for Improvement of Plant Growth and Photosynthetic Performance at Suboptimal Temperatures

Abstract

Plant growth, development, and yield of current tomato cultivars are directly affected by low temperatures. Although wild tomato species have been suggested as a potential source for low temperature tolerance, very little is known about their behavior during the reproductive phase. Here, we investigated the impact of suboptimal temperatures (SOT, 16/14°C), as compared to control temperatures (CT, 22/20°C), on plant growth, photosynthetic capacity, and carbohydrate metabolism. Under these conditions, two genotypes were analyzed: a Solanum lycopersicum cultivar Moneymaker and a high-altitude wild species Solanum arcanum LA385, from flowering onset until a later stage of fruit development. Total dry matter production in cv. Moneymaker was reduced up to 30% at SOT, whereas it was hardly affected in wild accession LA385. Specific leaf area, total leaf area, and number of fruits were also decreased at SOT in cv. Moneymaker. In contrast, wild accession LA385 showed an acclimation to SOT, in which ΦPSII and net CO2 assimilation rates were less affected; a similar specific leaf area; higher total leaf area; and higher number of fruits compared to those at CT. In addition, LA385 appeared to have a more distinct sucrose metabolism than cv. Moneymaker at both temperatures, in which it had higher contents of sucrose-6-phosphate, sucrose, and ratio of sucrose: starch in leaves and higher ratio of sucrose: hexose in fruits. Overall, our findings indicate that wild accession LA385 is able to acclimate well to SOT during the reproductive phase, whereas growth and development of cv. Moneymaker is reduced at SOT.

Review: Holistic pest management against early blight disease towards sustainable agriculture

“…Some species have fruit characteristics that are very different from commercial tomatoes and potatoes. Some wild species are self‐incompatible as S. arcanum , 55 which remains with green color at maturity stage, not producing lycopene or being highly pubescent like S. habrochaites . 56 , 57 Thus, methods such as marker‐assisted selection can accelerate the development of new cultivars resistant to Alternaria spp.…”

Edaphoclimatic Descriptors of Wild Tomato Species (Solanum Sect. Lycopersicon) and Closely Related Species (Solanum Sect. Juglandifolia and Sect. Lycopersicoides) in South America

“…Among possible uses of this approach is the identification of the germplasm with tolerance to adverse biotic and abiotic factors ( Foolad and Lin., 2000 ; Mittova et al, 2004 ; Venema et al, 2005 ; Zhao et al, 2005 ; Ruiz-Corral et al, 2008 ; Chetelat et al, 2009 ; Arellano-Rodríguez et al, 2013 ; Ruiz-Corral et al, 2013 ; Cervantes-Moreno et al, 2014 ; Chen et al, 2015 ; Nosenko et al, 2016 ; Stam et al, 2017a ; Stam et al, 2017b ; Flores-Hernández et al, 2017 ; Razali et al, 2018 ; Dinh et al, 2019 ; Vilchez et al, 2019 ) with potential use for genetic breeding, identification of routes of germplasm accession, and areas of high and low diversity for use and conservation ( Vilchez et al, 2019 ). In the information contained in Table 3 , Table 4 , and Figures 4 , 5 , it is possible to identify species with extreme values that indicate tolerance or resistance to climatic and edaphic factors, with potential use as germplasm for genetic breeding.…”

“…By considering plant genetic resources as the biological foundation for maintaining and improving crop productivity ( Kantar et al, 2015 ), wild tomato species constitute an important gene pool due to the presence of genes with tolerance and resistance to biotic and abiotic factors ( Arellano-Rodríguez et al, 2013 ; Cervantes-Moreno et al, 2014 ; Nosenko et al, 2016 ; Razali et al, 2018 ; Dinh et al, 2019 ) with potential use for breeding programs. Additionally, several questions arise about these gene pools, such as current distribution, population dynamics in situ or ex situ , and how are they used directly or as sources of genes to generate new varieties that respond to current and future basic problems of tomato cultivation (for example, climate change, diseases, pests), including the contribution of genes capable of conferring a greater nutritional–nutraceutical quality to new varieties ( Chávez-Servia et al, 2011 ; Hernández-Bautista et al, 2014 ).…”

DataSheet1.PDF

“…Among possible uses of this approach is the identification of the germplasm with tolerance to adverse biotic and abiotic factors (Foolad and Lin., 2000;Mittova et al, 2004;Venema et al, 2005;Zhao et al, 2005;Ruiz-Corral et al, 2008;Chetelat et al, 2009;Arellano-Rodríguez et al, 2013;Ruiz-Corral et al, 2013;Cervantes-Moreno et al, 2014;Chen et al, 2015;Nosenko et al, 2016;Stam et al, 2017a;Stam et al, 2017b;Flores-Hernández et al, 2017;Razali et al, 2018;Dinh et al, 2019;Vilchez et al, 2019) with potential use for genetic breeding, identification of routes of germplasm accession, and areas of high and low diversity for use and conservation (Vilchez et al, 2019). In the information contained in Table 3 Finally, the hot spot analysis could satisfactorily identify regions with the greatest diversity of species.…”

“…By considering plant genetic resources as the biological foundation for maintaining and improving crop productivity (Kantar et al, 2015), wild tomato species constitute an important gene pool due to the presence of genes with tolerance and resistance to biotic and abiotic factors (Arellano-Rodríguez et al, 2013;Cervantes-Moreno et al, 2014;Nosenko et al, 2016;Razali et al, 2018;Dinh et al, 2019) with potential use for breeding programs. Additionally, several questions arise about these gene pools, such as current distribution, population dynamics in situ or ex situ, and how are they used directly or as sources of genes to generate new varieties that respond to current and future basic problems of tomato cultivation (for example, climate change, diseases, pests), including the contribution of genes capable of conferring a greater nutritional-nutraceutical quality to new varieties (Chávez-Servia et al, 2011;Hernández-Bautista et al, 2014).…”