High-Bandwidth Graded-Index Plastic Optical Fiber With Low-Attenuation, High-Bending Ability, and High-Thermal Stability for Home-Networks

Asai, M.; Inuzuka, Yukari; Koike, Kotaro; Takahashi, Satoshi; Koike, Yasuhiro

doi:10.1109/jlt.2011.2134834

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Depending on the kind of application, POFs should show different properties, such as low attenuation, controlled scattering, or a high bandwidth for data communication. Especially for the latter, graded-index (GI) fibers have been developed that feature decaying refractive-index profiles towards the outer regions of the fiber [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. This requires special fabrication methods that most often involve a discontinuous preform process, by which a large version of the fiber with the correct refractive-index distribution is manufactured first and then drawn to a fiber in a second step [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Melt-Spun Polymer-Optical Poly(methyl methacrylate) Fibers Studied by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The structural properties of novel melt-spun polymer optical fibers (POFs) are investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering. The amorphous PMMA POFs were subjected to a rapid cooling in a water quench right after extrusion in order to obtain a radial refractive index profile. Four fiber samples were investigated with small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The resulting distance-distribution functions obtained from the respective equatorial and meridional SAXS data exhibit a real-space correlation peak indicative of periodic cross-sectional and axial variations in the scattering density contrast. Simple model calculations demonstrate how the structural information contained particularly in the equatorial distance distribution function can be interpreted. The respective results are qualitatively verified for one of the fiber samples by comparison of the model curve with the measured SAXS data. Eventually, the study confirms that the cross-sectional variation of the (scattering-) density is the main reason for the formation of radial refractive-index profiles in the POFs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Melt-Spun Polymer-Optical Poly(methyl methacrylate) Fibers Studied by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

et al. 2017

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“…Reported experimental evidence for PCl3EMA‐PMMA miscibility included observations of optical transparency and of single Tg features in DSC thermograms for polymer compositions ranging from 10 to 90% . PCl3EMA has also been promoted as a base material for the gradient index polymer optical fiber application . At the onset of the current work, an unexpected polymerization behavior issue with PCl3EMA was observed (described below), and analogs with fewer chlorine substituents, poly(2,2‐dichloroethyl methacrylate), PCl2EMA, and poly(2‐chloroethyl methacrylate), PCl1EMA, were considered for polymerization and co‐extrusion evaluation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Progressively higher levels of crosslinking were observed as this preparation progressed to the PCl2EMA and PCl1EMA polymers. In the literature, there are reports of free radical bulk polymerizations of PCl3EMA, PCl2EMA, and PCl1EMA, but none mention an observation of crosslinking although most do not report monomer conversions. The possibility exists that a free radical chain transfer reaction associated with the chloroethyl pendant group of the monomer and polymer could be associated with crosslink formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerization of mono‐, Di‐, and trichloroethyl methacrylates: A study in chain transfer

Snow

2016

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Bulk free radical polymerization of the monomer series CH 2 5 C(CH 3 )C(O)OCH 2 CH 3-n Cl n , n 5 1, 2, 3, yields an unexpectedly crosslinked product with a crosslink density that increases with decreasing chlorine content of the respective monomer (n 5 3 < n 5 2 < n 5 1). This chlorine substituent effect is investigated by correlation with chain transfer constant measurements for four homologous series of chloroalkyl compounds (chloroethyl acetates (CH 3 C(O)OCH 2 CH 3-n Cl n , n 5 1,2,3); chloromethanes (CH 4-n Cl n , n 5 2,3,4) and CD 2 Cl 2 and CDCl 3 analogs; butyl chloride isomers (n-, iso-, sec-, tert-) and tert-C 4 D 9 Cl analog; and nine chloroethanes (C 2 H n26 Cl n , n 5 1-6)) in a methyl methacrylate polymerization. The pattern conveyed by the magnitude of chain transfer constants and deuterium isotope effects is consistent with a vicinal chlorine effect (i.e., chlorine activation of a vicinal hydrogen for abstraction) to account for the relative activities of the four series of model compounds and for the propensity of the chloroethyl methacrylates to crosslink in a bulk free radical polymerization. The chloroalkyl moiety's contribution to chain transfer is relatively modest ( 10 24 ), but, when incorporated as a monomer pendant group in free radical polymerizations, it is effective in broadening molecular weight to the extent of resulting in a crosslinked polymer. Published 2016. † J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 93-106

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“…Depending on the kind of application, POFs should show different properties, such as controlled scattering for illumination and sensing or relatively low attenuation and small mode dispersion for data communication. Especially for the latter, graded-index (GI) fibres have been developed with a decreasing refractive-index profile towards the outer regions of the fibre [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Such a nonhomogeneous profile requires special fabrication methods, often involving a discontinuous preform processes [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Analysis of Melt-Spun Polymer-Optical Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Fibres by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering and Monte-Carlo Simulation

et al. 2021

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The structural properties, mainly the spatial variation of density and chain interaction, of melt-spun polymer optical fibres (POFs) are investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and compared to Monte-Carlo polymer simulations. The amorphous PMMA POFs had been subjected to a rapid cooling in a water quench right after extrusion in order to obtain a radial refractive-index profile. Four fibre samples with different processing parameters are investigated and the SAXS data analysed via Guinier approach. Distance-distribution functions from the respective equatorial and meridional SAXS data are computed to extract the fibres’ nanostructures in the equatorial plane and along the fibre axis, respectively. Temperature profiles of the cooling process are simulated for different locations within the fibre and taken as input for Monte-Carlo simulations of the polymer structure. The simulation results agree with the SAXS measurements in terms of the cooling profile’s strong influence on the structural properties of the fibre: slower cooling in the centre of the fibre leads to stronger interchain interaction, but also results in a higher density and more homogenous materials with less optical scattering.

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High-Bandwidth Graded-Index Plastic Optical Fiber With Low-Attenuation, High-Bending Ability, and High-Thermal Stability for Home-Networks

Cited by 23 publications

References 14 publications

Novel Melt-Spun Polymer-Optical Poly(methyl methacrylate) Fibers Studied by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

Novel Melt-Spun Polymer-Optical Poly(methyl methacrylate) Fibers Studied by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

Polymerization of mono‐, Di‐, and trichloroethyl methacrylates: A study in chain transfer

Structural Analysis of Melt-Spun Polymer-Optical Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Fibres by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering and Monte-Carlo Simulation

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