High blood pressure and associated risk factors among women attending antenatal clinics in Tanzania

Abstract

Prevalence of HDP was higher in urban compared to rural area, which points at high risk for preterm delivery, low birth weight and future cardiovascular diseases. The observed risk factors identify risk groups to be screened and targeted for prevention. The role of HIV status needs to be further explored.

Factors associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic and meta-analysis

“…In a study conducted in Tanzania, the researcher studied daily nutrient adequacy and the quality of pregnant women's diets were assessed using the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) by measuring the total amount of food groups consumed in the past 24 hours. The result showed that the risk of developing HDP was six times higher in high DDS groups compared to low and medium DDS groups (AOR: 5.84; 95% CI: 2.11, 16.15) [23].…”

“…Another study found that pregnant women with a history of preterm delivery were 4.66 times more likely to develop HDP, and the result was also statistically significant (AOR: 4.66; 95% CI: 1.37, 15.86) [40]. Similar to preterm delivery history, two studies from Nigeria and Tanzania reported that stillbirth history was associated factor for developing HDP [23,24]. However, only one study conducted in Nigeria reported a significant association between previous stillbirth and HDP (p<0.0001) [24].…”

“…Finally, we included 27 articles in this systematic review and out of 27 studies, 13 studies were included in the meta-analysis study (see Fig 1). The majority of the articles, 15 articles included in this review were cross-sectional [16,17,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35], nine were case-control [15,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43], and the remaining three were of a longitudinal study design [34,44,45]. Studies from ten countries were included in this review.…”

“…In this review, we identified that eight out of ten studies revealed older age women experience a higher odds of developing HDP than younger women [16,23,24,28,30,36,39,40]. For example, a study conducted in Tanzania found the odds of HDP in pregnant women aged 35 years or older were 5.3 times more as compared to younger women (AOR: 5.32; 95% CI: 2.55, 11.10) [23]. A case-control study conducted in Ethiopia reported that the odds HDP in pregnant women aged 30 years or older were seven times more than younger women (AOR: 6.59; 95% CI: 2.99, 14.50) [36].…”

An assessment of equity in the distribution of non-financial health care inputs across public primary health care facilities in Tanzania

“…In Tanzania, the greatest inequity was found in the distribution of ARTs, followed by anti-hypertensive drugs. These drugs can be expensive which may limit their affordability for facilities with less resources, hypertensive patients are less likely to seek care, which may be partly a result of limited drug availability, or indeed drug availability may be lower because of lower levels of demand [20, 30, 40]. The almost proportional distribution of anti-malarial drugs and vaccines suggests that government and donor initiatives to alleviate malaria through subsidised drugs and to ensure children have access to vaccination through an expanded immunisation programme may have played an important role [1, 25, 27, 56].…”