High concentrations of HgS, MeHg and toxic gas emissions in thermally affected waste dumps from hard coal mining in Poland

Nádudvari, Ádám; Cabała, Jerzy; Marynowski, Leszek; Jabłońska, Mariola; Dziurowicz, Maria; Malczewski, Dariusz; Kozielska, Barbara; Siupka, Piotr; Piotrowska‐Seget, Zofia; Simoneit, Bernd R.T.; Szczyrba, Mirosław

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128542

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…In deed, most of the ex ha la tive min eral sam ples from the USCB BCWHs stud ied had >50 ppm Hg, and some gas eous Hg spe cies other than Hg 0 , such as (HgH) 2 or SiH 3 HgH, were ini tially de tected by in situ FTIR gas spec trom e try (Kruszewski et al, 2018). Re cent stud ies by Nádudvari et al (2022) con firmed the pres ence of high con cen tra tions of HgS and MeHg in the Bytom heap, which may rep re sent a source of Hg-en rich ment in plant tissues. This poses a se ri ous prob lem for the lo cal en vi ron ment and so ci ety.…”

Section: Anomalous Concentration Of Elements As a Potential Environme...mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Accumulation of elements in vegetation spontaneously developing on self-heating waste dumps in the Upper Silesia area (Poland)

WOJEWÓDKA-PRZYBYŁ¹,

STIENSS²,

Kruszewski

2022

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Section: Anomalous Concentration Of Elements As a Potential Environme...mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This poses a se ri ous prob lem for the lo cal en vi ron ment and so ci ety. Se vere en vi ron men tal risks re lated to wastes accu mu lated in this heap have also been stressed by Nádudvari et al (2022).…”

Section: Anomalous Concentration Of Elements As a Potential Environme...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of elements in vegetation spontaneously developing on self-heating waste dumps in the Upper Silesia area (Poland)

WOJEWÓDKA-PRZYBYŁ¹,

STIENSS²,

Kruszewski

2022

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“…Additionally, the inhalation of PM generated from conventional FCR storage causes chronic lung diseases (pneumoconiosis and tuberculosis) and silicosis (bronchitis symptoms and asthma) . Chalcophile elements such as As, Se, Cd, Ni, and Pd are associated with sulfide minerals present in coal . These elements have been linked with carcinogenic and mutation effects .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 6 Chalcophile elements such as As, Se, Cd, Ni, and Pd are associated with sulfide minerals present in coal. 7 These elements have been linked with carcinogenic and mutation effects. 7 The propensity for release of these toxic elements depends on their mode of occurrence which contributes to their transformation during pyrolysis and gasification processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Effect of Reactive Extraneous Mineral Composites on Char and Tar Distribution during Pyrolysis of Highveld Partially Oxidized Fine-Coal Reject and Its Beneficiated Residues

Mphahlele,

Matjie,

Bunt

2023

ACS Omega

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In this study, the South African partially oxidized fine-coal reject (FCR), which is associated with human health and environmental problems and sustains high disposal expenses, was subjected to density-separation, chemical fractionation, and demineralization experiments to isolate and evaluate the mode of occurrence of mineral-matter (MM) effects on the FCR pyrolysis. A unique composite of two reactive oxides (i.e., MgO and Fe2O3) and a hydrated oxide [i.e., Ca(OH)2] representing major extraneous coal–minerals were blended with either FCR, demineralized FCR, and its beneficiated samples to evaluate the yields of pyrolytic products and activation energy following a novel procedure. The properties of FCR samples and their pyrolytic products were determined by different analyses. Results indicate that the reactive oxides and a hydrated oxide composite addition increased the average activation energy (332.0–476.5 kJ/mol) for FCR due to the initial Ca(OH)2 decomposition and Fe2O3 reduction that took place under pyrolysis conditions. The FCR mineral-rich sink fractions achieved the highest carbon conversion (char yield = 78.8% and tar yield = 5.1%) compared to those of other samples (e.g., <1.9 g/cm3 float char yield = 87.3% and tar yield = 2.3%) evaluated due to higher proportions of calcite/dolomite/pyrite cleats and nonmineral inorganics (Ca, Mg, Na, and Fe) which catalyzed the pyrolysis reactions. On the other hand, CaCO3, CaMg(CO3)2, and metakaolinite formations in the char derived from a blend of reactive oxides and a hydrated oxide composite and FCR interfere with the pyrolysis reactions. Also, deoxygenation reactions were impeded by oxygen present in the reactive oxides and a hydrated oxide composite. The potent catalytic effects of cleat minerals and the extraneous minerals associated with cracking of heavy tars to lighter fractions open opportunities to further understand the mode of occurrence of MM present in FCR during utilization in global pyrolysis. This may reduce waste disposal costs, health-hazards, air-pollution, and FCR volumes and augments feed-coals.

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“…The intensity of gas emission may depend on the fractional composition of rocks that make up the massif, processes occurring in the massif itself (e.g., intense oxidation of carbonaceous rocks), mobility of the massif, and other factors, including meteorological [22]. The volume of gases coming from the overburden massif is generally associated with the processes of underground rock burning, oxidation reaction, and release of radon gas from coal and other rocks [23][24][25][26]. The porous structure of the entire waste rock massif, particularly in its early stages, enables excellent aeration and the unhindered flow of gases within it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of Degassing from Overburden Rock Massifs: A Case Study Using Radon

Leshukov,

Larionov,

Nastavko

et al. 2023

Earth

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Overburden rock massifs resulting from open-pit coal mining are very common objects in the world’s mining regions. These locations pose a significant challenge as the global mining industry expands. These dumps are capable of self-burning for quite a long time. The displacement and sliding of these massifs can cause catastrophic consequences. In addition, these objects emit a significant amount of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Therefore, it is necessary to manage such objects and implement appropriate measures to limit their impact on the environment. In this work, we studied soil radon volume activity (VAR) and radon flux density (RFD) on the surface of the overburden rock massif of coal-bearing mining rocks and also made visual fixation of disturbances in the body of the massif, which appeared in the process of its movement. We found anomalies of VAR and RFD on the surface of the overburden extending from north to south. These anomalies were extended along the strike of the faults found in the body of the massif. Additionally, the radon anomalies coincided with the anomalies of methane gas emission previously measured for this object. Thus, we determined that the exit of gases from the body of the massif is carried out through fault (weakened) zones in the body of the massif. According to the results of the study, we propose to carry out radon monitoring in order to detect the spontaneous ignition process of the massif or the increase of its mobility. This will also allow us to take appropriate measures to stabilize the massif or to extinguish the dump before or simultaneously with the biological stage of reclamation.

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High concentrations of HgS, MeHg and toxic gas emissions in thermally affected waste dumps from hard coal mining in Poland

Cited by 14 publications

References 154 publications

Accumulation of elements in vegetation spontaneously developing on self-heating waste dumps in the Upper Silesia area (Poland)

Accumulation of elements in vegetation spontaneously developing on self-heating waste dumps in the Upper Silesia area (Poland)

Catalytic Effect of Reactive Extraneous Mineral Composites on Char and Tar Distribution during Pyrolysis of Highveld Partially Oxidized Fine-Coal Reject and Its Beneficiated Residues

Features of Degassing from Overburden Rock Massifs: A Case Study Using Radon

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