High degree of genetic variation in<i>Prochlorococcus</i>(Prochlorophyta) revealed by RFLP analysis

Scanlan, David J.; Hess, Wolfgang R.; Partensky, Frédéric; Newman, Julie; Vaulot, Daniel

doi:10.1080/09670269600651131

Cited by 53 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In our understanding of the system, the DCM represents a structure close to steady-state, in which processes are slower than in the upper mixed layer or at higher latitudes in the NE Atlantic, which are characterised by marked seasonal changes in phytoplankton biomass and composition. This view of the DCM as a distinct, isolated system, agrees with the genetic differentiation between upper mixed layer and DCM populations of Prochlorococcus (Scanlan et al 1996, West & Scanlan 1999 and also with the existence of a persistent boundary between shallow and DCM phytoplankton species in oligotrophic, oceanic environments (Venrick 1988). The stability of wind stress in the area, which is under the direct influence of the subtropical high pressure belt in winter and the well known Azores High in summer (Tomczak & Godfrey 1994), makes it conceivable that the differences between the upper mixed layer and the DCM could be fairly constant throughout the year.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Protist control of phytoplankton growth in the subtropical north-east Atlantic

Quevedo

Anadón²

2001

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The grazing impact of protists on phytoplankton primary production in a highly oligotrophic area of the subtropical north-east Atlantic, south-east of the Azores, was studied using the dilution method. The phytoplankton community in the experiments, analysed by flow-cytometry, was dominated by Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus although larger phototrophic groups, beyond flow-cytometry sensitivity, were also present. The microzooplankton community was dominated by small gymnodinoid dinoflagellates and aloricate ciliates, and its biomass was low, averaging 0.7 mg C m -3. We measured average phytoplankton growth rates of 0.76 and 0.22 d -1 in surface waters and in deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) waters respectively; mortality rates due to protists grazing were 0.58 and 0.22 d -1 , respectively. We did not find significant differences in growth and mortality rates of the different phytoplankton groups, i.e. Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus or nanoeukaryotes; thus no prey preference was apparent from the results. Protists consumed on average 79 and 109% of primary production in surface and DCM waters respectively, controlling phytoplankton growth in the area. The net primary production closely oscillated around zero in the chlorophyll a analyses and was positive in the flow-cytometry analyses, suggesting a balanced or slightly autotrophic phytoplanktonprotist compartment.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Protist control of phytoplankton growth in the subtropical north-east Atlantic

Quevedo

Anadón²

2001

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Culturing and sampling Prochlorococcus NATL2A was originally isolated from 10 m depth in the North Atlantic (Scanlan et al, 1996) and is a member of the low-light I clade of Prochlorococcus (Biller et al, 2015a). Axenic Prochlorococcus NATL2A cells were grown in natural sea water based Pro99 media containing 0.2 μm filtered Sargasso Sea water amended with Pro99 nutrients prepared as previously described (Moore et al, 2007), except with the addition of 10mM sterile sodium bicarbonate to support the growth of a large volume of culture (Moore et al, 2007).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Torn apart and reunited: impact of a heterotroph on the transcriptome of Prochlorococcus

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microbial interactions, whether direct or indirect, profoundly affect the physiology of individual cells and ultimately have the potential to shape the biogeochemistry of the Earth. For example, the growth of Prochlorococcus, the numerically dominant cyanobacterium in the oceans, can be improved by the activity of co-occurring heterotrophs. This effect has been largely attributed to the role of heterotrophs in detoxifying reactive oxygen species that Prochlorococcus, which lacks catalase, cannot. Here, we explore this phenomenon further by examining how the entire transcriptome of Prochlorococcus NATL2A changes in the presence of a naturally co-occurring heterotroph, Alteromonas macleodii MIT1002, with which it was co-cultured for years, separated and then reunited. Significant changes in the Prochlorococcus transcriptome were evident within 6 h of initiating co-culture, with groups of transcripts changing in different temporal waves. Many transcriptional changes persisted throughout the 48 h experiment, suggesting that the presence of the heterotroph affected a stable shift in Prochlorococcus physiology. These initial transcriptome changes largely corresponded to reduced stress conditions for Prochlorococcus, as inferred from the depletion of transcripts encoding DNA repair enzymes and many members of the 'high light inducible' family of stress-response proteins. Later, notable changes were seen in transcripts encoding components of the photosynthetic apparatus (particularly, an increase in PSI subunits and chlorophyll synthesis enzymes), ribosomal proteins and biosynthetic enzymes, suggesting that the introduction of the heterotroph may have induced increased production of reduced carbon compounds for export. Changes in secretion-related proteins and transporters also highlight the potential for metabolic exchange between the two strains.

show abstract

“…The original examination of 16S rRNA sequences obtained for a number of Prochlorococcus strains isolated from surface and deep waters from different oceanic regions demonstrated a clear correlation with their depth of isolation (Scanlan et al, 1996) whilst closely related strains were found in different geographical locations such as the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans (Urbach et al, 1998). These findings are extended in this study, which showed that LL genotypes comparable to the NATL1MIT\NATL2B isolates seem to be ubiquitous, having been detected only at depth, but in both the Red Sea and the North Atlantic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strain PCC 9511 is axenic and was obtained from the Pasteur Culture Collection of Cyanobacteria (PCC) (Institut Pasteur, Paris, France). All strains were cultured in PCR-S11 medium (Rippka et al, 2000) as described previously (Scanlan et al, 1996). The axenic marine Synechococcus sp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Closely related Prochlorococcus genotypes show remarkably different depth distributions in two oceanic regions as revealed by in situ hybridization using 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotides The GenBank accession numbers for the sequences reported in this paper are AF311217 (RCC278, EQPAC1), AF311218 (RCC277, NATL1MIT), AF311219 (RCC280, NATL2B), AF311220 (RCC264, TAK9803-2), AF311291 (WH7803), AF311292 (WH8018) and AF311293 (WH8103).

et al. 2001

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An in situ hybridization method was applied to the identification of marine cyanobacteria assignable to the genus Prochlorococcus using horseradishperoxidase-labelled 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes in combination with tyramide signal amplification (TSA). With this method very bright signals were obtained, in contrast to hybridizations with oligonucleotides monolabelled with fluorochromes, which failed to give positive signals. Genotype-specific oligonucleotides for high light (HL)-and low light (LL)-adapted members of this genus were identified by 16S rRNA sequence analyses and their specificities confirmed in whole-cell hybridizations with cultured strains of Prochlorococcus marinus Chisholm et al., 1992, Prochlorococcus sp. and Synechococcus sp. In situ hybridization of these genotype-specific probes to field samples from stratified water bodies collected in the North Atlantic Ocean and the Red Sea allowed a rapid assessment of the abundance and spatial distribution of HL-and LL-adapted Prochlorococcus. In both oceanic regions the LL-adapted Prochlorococcus populations were localized in deeper water whereas the HL-adapted Prochlorococcus populations were not only distinct in each region but also exhibited strikingly different depth distributions, HLI being confined to shallow water in the North Atlantic, in contrast to HLII, which was present throughout the water column in the Red Sea.

show abstract

High degree of genetic variation inProchlorococcus(Prochlorophyta) revealed by RFLP analysis

Cited by 53 publications

References 37 publications

Protist control of phytoplankton growth in the subtropical north-east Atlantic

Protist control of phytoplankton growth in the subtropical north-east Atlantic

Torn apart and reunited: impact of a heterotroph on the transcriptome of Prochlorococcus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About