High Degree of Multiple Paternity and Reproductive Skew in the Highly Fecund Live-Bearing Fish Poecilia gillii (Family Poeciliidae)

Dekker, Myrthe L.; Hagmayer, Andres; Léon‐Kloosterziel, Karen M.; Furness, Andrew I.; Pollux, Bart J. A.

doi:10.3389/fevo.2020.579105

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(173 reference statements)

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“…turrubarensis (Figures 1 and 2). The occurrence of multiple paternity within broods is a common phenomenon in poeciliid fishes, both in superfetatious (Schrader et al, 2011; Soucy & Travis, 2003) and non‐superfetatious species (Dekker et al, 2020; Girndt et al, 2012; Neff et al, 2008; Simmons et al, 2008; Tatarenkov et al, 2008; Zane et al, 1999). From an evolutionary perspective, multiple paternity may arise because it is favoured as a ‘bet‐hedging’ strategy (Fox & Rauter, 2003; Garcia‐Gonzalez et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple paternity in superfetatious live‐bearing fishes

Dekker

Son

Léon‐Kloosterziel

et al. 2022

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Superfetation, the ability to carry several overlapping broods at different developmental stages, has evolved independently multiple times within the live-bearing fish family Poeciliidae. Even though superfetation is widespread among poeciliids, its evolutionary advantages remain unclear. Theory predicts that superfetation should increase polyandry by increasing the probability that temporally overlapping broods are fertilized by different fathers. Here, we test this key prediction in two poeciliid species that each carry two temporally overlapping broods: Poeciliopsis retropinna and P. turrubarensis. We collected 25 females per species from freshwater streams in South-Eastern Costa Rica and assessed multiple paternity by genotyping all their embryos (420 embryos for P. retropinna; 788 embryos for P. turrubarensis) using existing and newly developed microsatellite markers. We observed a high frequency of unique sires in the simultaneous, temporally overlapping broods in P. retropinna (in 56% of the pregnant females) and P. turrubarensis (79%). We found that the mean number of sires within females was higher than the number of sires within the separate broods (2.92 sires within mothers vs. 2.36 within separate broods in P. retropinna; and 3.40 vs 2.56 in P. turrubarensis). We further observed that there were significant differences in the proportion of offspring sired by each male in 42% of pregnant female P. retropinna and 65% of female P. turrubarensis; however, this significance applied to only 9% and 46% of the individual broods in P. retropinna and P. turrubarensis, respectively, suggesting that the unequal reproductive success of sires (i.e. reproductive skew) mostly originated from differences in paternal contribution between, rather than within broods. Together, these findings tentatively suggest that superfetation may promote polyandry and reproductive skew in live-bearing fishes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple paternity in superfetatious live‐bearing fishes

Dekker

Son

Léon‐Kloosterziel

et al. 2022

J of Evolutionary Biology

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“…High levels of concurrent multiple paternity have been reported in 10 species of Poeciliidae (Coleman and Jones, 2011;Evans and Pilastro, 2011;Girndt et al, 2012;Dekker et al, 2020)four species of Xiphophorus, two of Gambusia, three of Poecilia, Poeciliopsis monacha, and Heterandria formosa). Only one of these species (H. formosa) is placental.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive Mode and Conflict Shape the Evolution of Male Attributes and Rate of Speciation in the Fish Family Poeciliidae

et al. 2021

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Sexual conflict is caused by differences between the sexes in how fitness is maximized. These differences are shaped by the discrepancy in the investment in gametes, how mates are chosen and how embryos and young are provided for. Fish in the family Poeciliidae vary from completely provisioning eggs before they are fertilized to providing virtually all resources after fertilization via the functional equivalent of a mammalian placenta. This shift in when females provision their young relative to when an egg is fertilized is predicted to cause a fundamental change in when and how sexual conflict is manifested. If eggs are provisioned before fertilization, there should be strong selection for females to choose with whom they mate. Maternal provisioning after fertilization should promote a shift to post-copulatory mate choice. The evolution of maternal provisioning may in turn have cascading effects on the evolution of diverse features of the biology of these fish because of this shift in when mates are chosen. Here we summarize what these consequences are and show that the evolution of maternal provisioning is indeed associated with and appears to govern the evolution of male traits associated with sexual selection. The evolution of placentas and associated conflict does not cause accelerated speciation, contrary to predictions. Accelerated speciation rate is instead correlated with the evolution of male traits associated with sexual selection, which implies a more prominent role of pre-copulatory reproductive isolation in causing speciation in this family.

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Variation in polyandry, reproductive output, and within-brood genetic diversity in a marine snail population across seasons and years

Hooks,

Burgess

2024

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The frequency of polyandry has important implications for effective population size, genetic variation, and reproductive output. Compared to terrestrial organisms with complex social behaviors, the patterns and consequences of polyandry in marine populations are relatively less clear. Here we quantified polyandry in the Florida crown conch Melongena corona in the field under natural settings. We assessed the extent to which additional mates increase genetic diversity within broods, how polyandry relates to female reproductive output, and how consistent patterns are across their 5 mo reproductive season in 2 separate years. We found large variation in polyandry (2 to 19 sires per brood) and reproductive output among females. However, the number of sires per brood was unrelated to reproductive output. The number of sires increased genetic diversity within broods regardless of year or time of season. The number of sires per brood and reproductive output did not vary over the season or among years. Overall, our results show natural variation in polyandry upon which selection could act, but increased polyandry did not lead to females producing more hatchlings, and neither polyandry nor reproductive output increased over time when females could accumulate and store sperm. Any benefits of polyandry in terms of genetic diversity are expected to occur after hatching, if at all, rather than inside the egg capsule. Variation in polyandry could arise because males control mating and polyandry is less costly for females than trying to prevent superfluous matings.

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High Degree of Multiple Paternity and Reproductive Skew in the Highly Fecund Live-Bearing Fish Poecilia gillii (Family Poeciliidae)

Cited by 3 publications

References 85 publications

Multiple paternity in superfetatious live‐bearing fishes

Multiple paternity in superfetatious live‐bearing fishes

Reproductive Mode and Conflict Shape the Evolution of Male Attributes and Rate of Speciation in the Fish Family Poeciliidae

Variation in polyandry, reproductive output, and within-brood genetic diversity in a marine snail population across seasons and years

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