Nanoscale fabrication of metal interface structures has
been applied
to various fields, owing to their conducive electrical and optical
properties. Their successful application is typically attributed to
their high activity, which originates from their significantly increased
specific surface area resulting from the type of nanostructures. The
high activity, such as fast electron transfer from nanostructures,
increases the efficiency of the electrochemical reactions occurring
at the metal interface and improves the detection sensitivity. In
this study, highly active gold electrodes with a specific surface
topography were fabricated directly from raw rose petals, which have
a regular but complex structure. When the fabricated electrode was
used as the working electrode of an electrochemical sensor, the sensitivity
improved 100-fold in the measurement of arsenic(III), compared to
the sensitivity achieved using a smooth gold film. It was demonstrated
that the interface structure of the biomaterial could be easily adapted
for the fabrication of thin metal surfaces with a complex structure.
Thus, using various materials as substrates, it is possible to fabricate
functional complex structures that exhibit unique electrochemical
and optical properties owing to their large surface areas, interfacial
structures, and irregular microstructures, thereby enabling the highly
sensitive detection of heavy metals on metallic thin films.