High density poly(ethylene)/CaCO 3 hollow spheres composites for technical applications

Lapčík, Ľubomír; Maňas, David; Vašina, Martin; Lapčı́ková, Barbora; Řezníček, Martin; Zádrapa, Petr

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.01.025

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The increase in the modulus in our case must be caused by the strong interaction between the polymer and the nanoparticles, improving the dispersion of the particles [1]. Similar results were found by Lapcík et al [2], who stated that due to the rigidity of the filler particles and the interaction of the filler with the polymer matrix, a reinforcement improvement can be obtained. The yield stress remained unaffected with the addition of CaCO 3 to neat polyethylene.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Calcium carbonate is one of the most commonly used inorganic fillers in thermoplastic polymers, such as poly(vinyl chloride) and polypropylene, to improve their mechanical properties. CaCO 3 nanoparticles, in particular, have been incorporated into a polyethylene (PE) matrix by the melting process, increasing Young’s modulus with the filler concentration and decreasing both the upper yield point and elongation at break compared to pure PE [2,3,4,5]. Although CaCO 3 is a well-known filler in polymer composites for mechanical reinforcement, at the nanometric scale it can add other functionalities to the polymer matrix, such as barrier properties and antimicrobial behavior [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was found a typical increase of Young’s modulus (E) (ca. 17%) with increasing concentration of hollow spheres of CaCO 3 filler due to the rigidity of the filler particles and the strong interaction of the filler with the polymer matrix, and it was companied by the corresponding decrease of the upper yield point and elongation at break [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of CaCO3 Nanoparticles on the Mechanical and Photo-Degradation Properties of LDPE

et al. 2018

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CaCO3 nanoparticles of around 60 nm were obtained by a co-precipitation method and used as filler to prepare low-density polyethylene (LDPE) composites by melt blending. The nanoparticles were also organically modified with oleic acid (O-CaCO3) in order to improve their interaction with the LDPE matrix. By adding 3 and 5 wt% of nanofillers, the mechanical properties under tensile conditions of the polymer matrix improved around 29%. The pure LDPE sample and the nanocomposites with 5 wt% CaCO3 were photoaged by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation during 35 days and the carbonyl index (CI), degree of crystallinity (χc), and Young’s modulus were measured at different times. After photoaging, the LDPE/CaCO3 nanocomposites increased the percent crystallinity (χc), the CI, and Young’s modulus as compared to the pure polymer. Moreover, the viscosity of the photoaged nanocomposite was lower than that of photoaged pure LDPE, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that after photoaging the nanocomposites presented cavities around the nanoparticles. These difference showed that the presence of CaCO3 nanoparticles accelerate the photo-degradation of the polymer matrix. Our results show that the addition of CaCO3 nanoparticles into an LDPE polymer matrix allows future developments of more sustainable polyethylene materials that could be applied as films in agriculture. These LDPE-CaCO3 nanocomposites open the opportunity to improve the low degradation of the LDPE without sacrificing the polymer’s behavior, allowing future development of novel eco-friendly polymers.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of CaCO3 Nanoparticles on the Mechanical and Photo-Degradation Properties of LDPE

et al. 2018

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“…7 and 8 followed by its decrease to 2.36 MPa (cycle 9) and its recovery to 2.94 MPa during cycle 10. This complex pattern indicates the final plastic deformation process progressing in the material as earlier confirmed by our creep experiments with high density poly(ethylene)/calcium carbonate hollow spheres composites, where there was clear evidence of the higher plasticity behavior for composite HDPE/CaCO 3 hollow spheres material compared to the virgin HDPE matrix [31].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Materials characterization of advanced fillers for composites engineering applications

Lapčík

Vašina

Lapčı́ková

et al. 2019

Nanotechnology Reviews

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Four different minerals were investigated; hollow spheres of calcium carbonate, platy mica, needle like wollastonite and glassy perlite and characterized via iGC for surface energy, Freeman powder rheology for flow characterization, cyclic uniaxial die compaction for modulus of elasticity and frequency dependent sound absorption properties. Particle surface energy and particle shape strongly affected the packing density of powder beds. In the case of higher porosity and thus lower bulk density, the powders acoustic absorption was higher in comparison with higher packing density materials. Surface energy profiles and surface energy distributions revealed clear convergence with powder rheology data, where the character of the powder flow at defined consolidation stresses was mirroring either the high cohesion powders properties connected with the high surface energy or powder free flowing characteristics, as reflected in low cohesion of the powder matrix.

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“…More studied is the incorporation of calcium carbonate, which is a precursor of calcium oxide when calcined above 700 °C. There are some studies of the effect of the incorporation of CaCO 3 in a polyethylene (PE) matrix on the mechanical and rheological properties [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. The addition of 10 vol% of nano-sized calcium carbonate increased both the yield stress and Young’s modulus of PE [ 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Antimicrobial Polyethylene Composites with CaO Nanoparticles

et al. 2020

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Low-density polyethylene composites containing different sizes of calcium oxide (CaO) nanoparticles were obtained by melt mixing. The CaO nanoparticles were synthesized by either the sol-gel or sonication methods, obtaining two different sizes: ca. 55 nm and 25 nm. These nanoparticles were used either as-synthesized or were modified organically on the surface with oleic acid (Mod-CaO), at concentrations of 3, 5, and 10 wt% in the polymer. The Mod-CaO nanoparticles of 25 nm can act as nucleating agents, increasing the polymer’s crystallinity. The Young’s Modulus increased with the Mod-CaO nanoparticles, rendering higher reinforcement effects with an increase as high as 36%. The reduction in Escherichia coli bacteria in the nanocomposites increased with the amount of CaO nanoparticles, the size reduction, and the surface modification. The highest antimicrobial behavior was found in the composites with a Mod-CaO of 25 nm, presenting a reduction of 99.99%. This strong antimicrobial effect can be associated with the release of the Ca2+ from the composites, as studied for the composite with 10 wt% nanoparticles. The ion release was dependent on the size of the nanoparticles and their surface modification. These findings show that CaO nanoparticles are an excellent alternative as an antimicrobial filler in polymer nanocomposites to be applied for food packaging or medical devices.

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High density poly(ethylene)/CaCO 3 hollow spheres composites for technical applications

Cited by 33 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of CaCO3 Nanoparticles on the Mechanical and Photo-Degradation Properties of LDPE

Effect of CaCO3 Nanoparticles on the Mechanical and Photo-Degradation Properties of LDPE

Materials characterization of advanced fillers for composites engineering applications

Mechanical and Antimicrobial Polyethylene Composites with CaO Nanoparticles

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