High-Density vs Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol as the Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease and Stroke in Old Age

Weverling-Rijnsburger, Annelies W. E.; Jonkers, I.J.A.M.; Exel, Eric van; Gussekloo, Jacobijn; Westendorp, Rudi G.J.

doi:10.1001/archinte.163.13.1549

Cited by 176 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In older persons, a so-called 'reverse metabolic syndrome' is present where low BMI, low diastolic blood pressure, and low TC predict mortality. However, a low HDL remains a risk factor for mortality even in older persons (34), especially for cardiovascular mortality (35). Sattar et al (36) found that the presence of metabolic syndrome in older persons is associated with type 2 diabetes but not with cardiovascular disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid function and the metabolic syndrome in older persons: a population-based study

Heima

Eekhoff

Oosterwerff

et al. 2013

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Background: Studies suggest an association between a high TSH and (individual components of) the metabolic syndrome. Only a few studies have been performed in the general older population. Objective: This study investigates the association between serum TSH and the metabolic syndrome in a representative sample of older persons in The Netherlands. Design and patients: Data of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam were used, which is an ongoing cohort study in a representative sample of Dutch older persons. A total of 1187 subjects (590 men and 597 women) between the ages of 65 and 88 years participated in the study. Measurements: Metabolic syndrome (US National Cholesterol Education Program definition) and its individual components were assessed, as well as serum TSH levels. Results: Among the participants, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was 34.2%. The mean serum TSH was 1.9 mU/l. Subjects in the upper quartile with a serum TSH level above 2.28 mU/l (odds ratio (OR)Z1.68; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-2.37) had a significantly increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome compared with subjects in the lowest quartile with a serum TSH below 1.04 mU/l. After adjustment for confounders, age, sex, alcohol use, total physical activity, and smoking, the OR was 1.62 (95% CI 1.15-2.32). Conclusions: Subjects with a serum TSH in the upper quartile have a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome as compared with subjects with a serum TSH in the lowest quartile.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid function and the metabolic syndrome in older persons: a population-based study

Heima

Eekhoff

Oosterwerff

et al. 2013

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Healthy adults were random blood bank donors ranging in age from 18 to 70 years (n ϭ 30). Healthy 90-year-old donors (n ϭ 10) were enrolled in the cohort of the Leiden 85-plus study (21,22), a prospective population-based study of inhabitants of Leiden, The Netherlands. Health was defined as no acute illness, no death within 3 mo after blood sampling, no severe cognitive impairment and a plasma C-reactive protein level below 10 mg/L.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of CD4 T Cells Expressing Killer Ig-Like Receptors

Bergen

Thompson

Slik

et al. 2004

The Journal of Immunology

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110

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Killer Ig-like receptors (KIR) are commonly found on human NK cells, γδ T cells, and CD8 T cells. Although KIR+ CD4 T cells are found in certain patients, their prevalence in healthy donors is controversial. We now provide definitive proof that such cells are present in most individuals, and report on their frequency, surface phenotype, cytokine profile, and Ag specificity. The number of KIR+ CD4 T cells detected in peripheral blood increased with age. In contrast with regular KIR− CD4 T cells, the majority of KIR+ CD4 T cells lacked surface expression of CD27, CD28, CCR4, and CCR7, but did express CD57 and 2B4. In addition, KIR were detected on approximately one-tenth of CD28− and CD57+ memory CD4 T cells. In line with the absence of the Th2 marker CCR4, the KIR+ CD4 cells produced mainly IFN-γ and little IL-4, IL-10, or IL-17 upon TCR triggering. Furthermore, the KIR+ population contained cells that responded to recall Ags in an HLA class II-restricted fashion. Together, our data indicate that KIR-expressing CD4 T cells are predominantly HLA class II-restricted effector memory Th1 cells, and that a significant, previously unrecognized fraction of effector memory Th1 cells expresses KIR.

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“…In the very elderly there is evidence to suggest that high total cholesterol is associated with longevity (Weverling-Rijnsburger et al, 1997). At this age, it has been reported that HDLc and the ratio TC/HDLc are better predictive risk factors for isquemic CVD than TC or LDLc (Corti et al, 1995;Weverling-Rijnsburger, 2003) The mean HDLc concentration was 60.3 Ϯ 7.6 mg/dl, with higher values for the female group (60.5 Ϯ 7.2) than for the male group (58 Ϯ 8.0) (p ϭ 0.49) and with a significant increasing trend with age (p Ͻ 0.05). This is consistent with data reported in the Cardiovascular Health Study (Ettinger et al, 1992).…”

Section: Age Sex and Serum Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Lipid profile and dietary habits in an elderly rural population in the southern Spain: the <i>Sierra de Huelva</i> study

Martı́n¹,

Escudero-Gilete²,

Vicario³

2009

Grasas y Aceites

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We have assessed serum lipids, systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure in a healthy, free living population over 70 years old residing for more than 20 years in a rural area located in the southern Spain, the Sierra de Huelva. 401 elderly, 229 women (F) and 179 men (M) mean age 79.36 ± 6.9 were included in this cross-sectional observational study. Dietary habits were assessed by means of a Modification of the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDDS), which comprised 11 components. A total score ranging from 0-44 was calculated. Mean concentration for lipids were: Total cholesterol (TC) 193.8 ± 23.1, M 195.2 ± 25.7 and F 192.7 ± 20.8 (p = 0.29); HDLc 60.3 ± 7.6 mg/dl, M 60.0 ± 8.0 and F 60.5 ± 7.2 (p = 0.49); TC/HDLc 3.3 ± 1.1 mg/dl, M 3.4 ± 1.2 and F 3.3 ± 1.1 mg/dl (p < 0.35); LDLc 127.3 30.1 mg/dl, M 129.0 ± 32.9 F 126.0 ± 27.8 mg/dl (p = 0.33); TG 137.7 ± 18.3, M 138.8 ± 19.4 and F 136 ± 17.4 (p = 0.30). Global prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (TC ≥200 mg/dl) was 8.7%, F 7.9% and M 9.9%; 10.7% had LDLc≥160 mg/dl. In this study, age was negatively correlated (p < 0.05) with TC, LDLc, TG and SBP and positively with HDLc. Pig meat consumption was negatively correlated with CT and LDLc, and positively with HDLc. According to MMDS data, 60.6 ± 6.9% of adherence to the Mediterranean diet was obtained. The MMDS was positively associated with age and negatively with TG (p < 0.05). Further studies are needed to establish the influence of local Iberian pig meat products consumption and life style on the lower incidence of risk factors for CVD and the higher life expectancy of the studied population.

Hemos evaluado los lípidos séricos, la presión sistólica (SBP) y diastólica (DBP) en un grupo de ancianos no institucionalizados de más de 70 años que residen en una zona rural localizada en el sur de España, la Sierra de Huelva. 401 ancianos, 229 mujeres (F) and 179 hombres (M) con una edad media de 79,36 ± 6,9 años, se incluyeron en este estudio observacional transversal. Los hábitos alimentarios fueron evaluados mediante una modificación del Mediterranean Diet Score MMDS) que incluyó a 11 grupos de alimentos. Se obtuvo una puntuación total que oscilaba entre 0-44. La concentración media de lípidos fue: colesterol total (TC) 193,8 ± 23,1, M 195,2 ± 25,7 y F 192,7 ± 20,8 (p = 0,29); HDLc 60,3 ± 7,6 mg/dl, M 58,0 ± 8,0 y F 60,5 ± 7,2 (p = 0,49); TC/HDLc 3,3 ± 1,1 mg/dl, M 3,4 ± 1,2 and F 3,3 ± 1,1 mg/dl (p < 0,35); LDLc 127,3 ± 30,1 mg/dl, M 129,0 ± 32.9 F 127,3 ± 30,1 mg/dl (p < 0,33); TG 137,7 ± 18,8, M 138,8 ± 19,4 y F 136,0 ± 17,4 (p < 0,30). La prevalencia total de hipercolesterolemia (TC 200 mg/dl) fue de 8,7%, F 7,9% y M 9,9%; 10,7% de la población presentó niveles de LDLc≥160 mg/dl. La edad se correlacionó negativamente (p < 0,05) con TC, LDLc, TG y SBP y positivamente con el HDLc. Según los datos de MMDS la adherencia a la Dieta Mediterranea fue del 60.6 ± 6.9%. El consumo de carne de cerdo se correlacionó negativamente con CT y LDLc, y positivamente con HDLc. El MMDS se relacionó positivamente con...

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High-Density vs Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol as the Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease and Stroke in Old Age

Abstract: In contrast to high LDL cholesterol level, low HDL cholesterol level is a risk factor for mortality from coronary artery disease and stroke in old age.

Cited by 176 publications

References 23 publications

Thyroid function and the metabolic syndrome in older persons: a population-based study

Thyroid function and the metabolic syndrome in older persons: a population-based study

Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of CD4 T Cells Expressing Killer Ig-Like Receptors

Lipid profile and dietary habits in an elderly rural population in the southern Spain: the <i>Sierra de Huelva</i> study

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