High Depression Symptoms and Burnout Levels Among Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Multi-Center, Cross-Sectional, Case–Control Study

Kütük, Meryem Özlem; Tufan, Ali Evren; Kılıçaslan, Fethiye; Güler, Gülen; Çelik, Fatma; Altıntaş, Ebru; Gökçen, Cem; Karadağ, Mehmet; Yektaş, Çiğdem; Mutluer, Tuba; Kandemır, Hasan; Büber, Ahmet; Topal, Zehra; Açıkbaş, Ufuk; Giray, Aslı; Kütük, Özgür

doi:10.1007/s10803-021-04874-4

Cited by 56 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In this study, we provide a new relationship model to shed new light on the complex interaction between stress, psychological, and personality traits, considering gender, in parents of children with and without autism. We confirm that raising a child with autism involves experiencing significantly higher levels of stress [66,67], anxiety, and depression [5,11,37,68] with respect to demographically matched parents of children with TD [46] (Table 2). Starting from this evidence, we used a path-SEM analysis to define the interplay between personality, anxiety, and mood status on stress levels, considering gender.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

The Route of Stress in Parents of Young Children with and without Autism: A Path-Analysis Study

Leonardi

Cerasa

Servidio

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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We provide a conceptual model on the complex interaction between stress, psychological predisposition, and personality traits, accounting for gender, in parents of children with and without autism. We performed a path analysis using a structural equation modeling approach in a sample of parents including 60 ASD and 53 TD couples. In parents of typically developing children (TD), depression level and age are the main direct predictors of stress through the mediating effect of anxiety. Otherwise, in the ASD parent group, the personality trait ‘openness’ directly predicts the defensive response and stress levels without the mediating effect of anxiety. Our data suggest a route of action in promoting new behavioral strategies to prevent parenting stress, making families run smoothly.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

The Route of Stress in Parents of Young Children with and without Autism: A Path-Analysis Study

Leonardi

Cerasa

Servidio

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…This scale includes 21 Likert-type items evaluating motivational, cognitive, somatic, social, and vegetative symptoms of depression. Previous studies on parents of children with disabilities including ASD supported its reliability and validity [30][31][32][33] Parents of adults with ASD completed the BDI in the current study. Cronbach alpha for the present sample was found as 0.79.…”

Section: Beck Depression Inventory (Bdi)supporting

confidence: 55%

“…Previous studies suggested that mothers with lower education, with male and/ or older children with ASD, and with children having behavior problems as well as psychiatric comorbidity, physical disorders and social impairments may be more depressed and anxious 14,16−19 . The presence of functional speech in children, higher paternal/ maternal education levels, access to specialized schooling for children, greater family income, lack of comorbidities among children, and using medications to manage ASD symptoms may also reduce parenting stress 30,32,[46][47][48] . Depression and anxiety in one parent, especially for mothers may spill-over to other family members 49 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those results support and extend the results of previous studies and may suggest that parenting stress, burnout and depression may continue over long term for parents of children with ASD. Depression in parent dyads may also spillover from mothers to fathers or vice versa 32 . Further studies on Turkish samples with ASD and their parents as they age may be required to evaluate the temporal changes in those constructs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Outcome in Late Adolescence/ Early Adulthood of Patients With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Its Relationships With Parental Burnout and Depression: Multi-center, Cross-sectional Study

Kütük

Tufan

Kılıçaslan

et al. 2022

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The aim of this study is to determine functioning of adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) diagnosed in childhood and also depression and burnout levels among their parents. 261 adults with ASDs and their parents were recruited for the study. Both parents completed the Beck Depression and Maslach Burnout Inventories and reported the functioning of their adult offspring with ASDs. Only 5.4 % of our sample reported “good” or “very good” outcome. The most common psychiatric comorbidities were intellectual disabilities and attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. Maternal burnout and depression scores were significantly elevated compared to those of fathers. There is an undeniable urgent need for more research to identify the needs of adults and families suffering from ASD.

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“…17 Kütük et al, evaluated the symptoms of depression and burnout in parents who were taking care of their child with autism spectrum disorders. 18 The authors found that depression and burnout levels were high among caregivers as compared to the control group. Burnout level was also higher in females than in fathers whereas fathers had more depressive symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Anxiety and Depression in Parents of Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Case-Control Study

Baloach¹,

Bhanbhro²,

Bharo³

et al. 2022

Pak J Neurol Surg

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Objectives: To assess the occurrence of anxiety and depression in parents caring for a child with Cerebral Palsy. Material and Methods: A case-control study took place at the Gambat Medical Center and Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre from January 2019 to April 2021. There were two group categories; Group A served as the control group while Group B consisted of parents of children with cerebral palsy. Either the mother or father of the children was included and those parents who had more than one child were excluded from this study. They were screened for anxiety and depression using the Hospital and Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: 112 participants were included with 56 in each group. A parent with a cerebral palsy child had significantly higher levels of depression score on HADS compared to the control group (depression; 16.67 ± 5.24 vs. 8.39 ± 4.01; p < 0.001). Similarly, anxiety was higher in parents who had a child with cerebral palsy (p<0.001). Most of the parents with cerebral palsy had severe depression i.e., 19 (33.9%) (p < 0.001). The most common type of CP was spastic diplegic and the mean depression score for different types of CP varied between 14.33 ± 6.727 and 17.67 ± 3.055 however, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.65). Conclusion: The parents of children with cerebral palsy were more likely to suffer from depressive symptoms as compared to those with healthy children.

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High Depression Symptoms and Burnout Levels Among Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Multi-Center, Cross-Sectional, Case–Control Study

Cited by 56 publications

References 52 publications

The Route of Stress in Parents of Young Children with and without Autism: A Path-Analysis Study

The Route of Stress in Parents of Young Children with and without Autism: A Path-Analysis Study

Functional Outcome in Late Adolescence/ Early Adulthood of Patients With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Its Relationships With Parental Burnout and Depression: Multi-center, Cross-sectional Study

Anxiety and Depression in Parents of Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Case-Control Study

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