High Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin G Pretreatment: Effect on Lipid Peroxidation and Reperfusion Injury to the Liver

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of intravenous immunoglobulin G (IVIG) compared with that of gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) in the inhibition of Kupffer cell activation on lipid peroxidation after severe total hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Male Wistar rats ( n = 40) were randomly divided into four equal groups: a sham-operation group, a control I/R group, and two I/R groups pretreated with either IVIG or GdCl3 intravenously. Following 60 minutes of total hepatic ischemia and 120 minutes of reperfusion, the rats were sacrificed and liver and blood samples collected. Additional animals ( n = 80) were followed up for survival rate determination. Results showed that I/R decreased the survival rate to 10%, increased the levels of aspartate (AST) and alanine (ALT) transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum to 2487, 2189, and 4236 IU/L, respectively, and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in liver to 1.552 nmol/g compared with 1.114 nmol/g in the sham operation group. Pretreatment with GdCl3 increased the survival rate to 50% and decreased the levels of AST, ALT, and LDH in serum to 1496, 1298, and 3245 IU/l, respectively. Pretreatment with IVIG increased the survival rate to 60% and decreased the levels of AST, ALT, and LDH in serum to 449, 367, and 1456 IU/l, respectively, and the levels of MDA in liver to 1.153 and 1.148 nmol/g for GdCl3 and IVIG respectively. Histologic examination showed protection of liver parenchyma in the animals treated with GdCl3 or IVIG.

Therapeutic Potential of Intravenous Immunoglobulin in Acute Brain Injury

“…Interestingly, the number of infiltrating leukocytes was not altered by IVIg administration. Similarly, in a model of liver ischemia, sinusoidal congestion and cytoplasmatic vacuolation were diminished in IVIg-treated mice ( 177 ). These effects were associated with a reduced mortality in the IVIg-treated group.…”

Acute Intravenous Infusion of Immunoglobulins Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Inhibition of Caspase-3

“…These mechanisms include FC-receptor blockade, modulation of the immune activity of both CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocytes, alteration of cytokine profiles, modulation of apoptosis and binding to complement factors and hence prevention of the tissue damage mediated by the complement cascade [20-22]. Pretreatment with IVIG in hepatic I/R injury increased the survival rate, decreased the level of liver enzymes, and showed protection of the liver parenchyma in the experimental animals [23]. Similar protective effects of IVIG against mesenteric I/R were also documented in the clinical research [24].…”

Η Χορήγηση Μιας Νέας Αντιοξειδωτικής Ουσίας (ΙΑ) Στην Αντιμετώπιση Πειραματικώς Προκληθείσας Ηπατικής Ισχαιμίας Σε Επίμυες

“…. Άλλωστε, η δέσµευση του TNF-α από αντισώµατα έναντι του TNF-α περιορίζει τις βλάβες ΙΕ, ενώ το ίδιο επιτυγχάνεται µε ουσίες, όπως η πεντοξυφυλλίνη100 και η ανοσοσφαιρίνη G101,102 , που περιορίζουν την παραγωγή του TNF-α από τα κύτταρα Kupffer. Παράλληλα, σε απάντηση στο TNF-α απελευθερώνεται IL-1 (Ιντερλευκίνη-1), µια κυτοκίνη που ευνοεί την παραγωγή ΕΡ από τα ουδετερόφιλα.…”