High dose of prebiotics reduces fecal water cytotoxicity in healthy subjects

Abstract

Structurally different prebiotics affect colonic fermentation and gut health in a different way.

Nutritional interest of dietary fiber and prebiotics in obesity: Lessons from the MyNewGut consortium

“…Indeed, consumption of bread containing AXOS increased fecal and plasmatic SCFA in healthy humans, notably with an increased acetate, propionate and butyrate in healthy adults [50], or only in butyrate [56,90] SCFA are accepted to be crucial executors of diet-based microbial influence on the host health [91]. However, some studies did not observe an alteration of SCFA production after supplementation with AX-rich WBE [92,93], or even have reported reductions in butyrate [49]. These discrepancies could be related to different degrees of polymerization of AX that determines the gut segment where AXOS is fermented.…”

“…These discrepancies could be related to different degrees of polymerization of AX that determines the gut segment where AXOS is fermented. Low degree of polymerization could induce a proximal AXOS fermentation and absorption of SCFA, resulting in a lack of apparently increased concentration in feces [92].…”

“…Besides SCFA, the gut microbiota can produce branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA) from the degradation of branched-chain amino acids, and p-cresol or indole from aromatic amino acids [94]. In healthy subjects, AXOS (or AX-rich WBE) reduced the fecal concentration of the gut microbiota-derived BCFA and the urinary excretion of p-cresol [72,92,93]. In obesity, there is also a decrease in BCFA content in the serum [95] and adipose tissue biopsies [96].…”

A review on the effects of prebiotics on cell toxicity and integrity

“…In addition, a study showed that the cytotoxicity of fecal water can be reduced after the uptake of oligofructose. [18] Besides oligofructose, KGM are also known to reduce colonic toxicity in human and hence prevent colorectal cancer. [10] Cytotoxicity Cytotoxicity is defined as the negative consequences resulting from disturbance with structures and/or processes required for cell survival, proliferation, and function.…”

“…Using wheat bran extract and oligofructose in a doubleblind, crossover randomized controlled human trial, the presence of this prebiotic resulted in significant reduction in the cytotoxicity of fecal water. [18] In the intestinal barrier modulation of prebiotic and probiotic, intra-epithelial lymphocytes (CD8+) shut the epithelial barrier response to cause cytotoxicity. [28] Commensal microbes and probiotics are assisted by prebiotics to compete for nutrients and binding sites on the cell surfaces of pathogenic organisms.…”