High Dynamic Performance Nonlinear Source Emulator

Abstract

As research and development of renewable and clean energy based systems is advancing rapidly, the nonlinear source emulator (NSE) is becoming very essential for testing of maximum power point trackers or downstream converters. Renewable and clean energy sources play important roles in both terrestrial and nonterrestrial applications. However, most existing NSEs have only been concerned with simulating energy sources in terrestrial applications, which may not be fast enough for testing of nonterrestrial applications. In this paper, a high-bandwidth NSE is developed that is able to simulate the behaviors of a typical nonlinear source under different critical conditions that can happen during their operations. The proposed 200-W NSE, which consists of a fourth-order output filter buck converter and a novel nonlinear small-signal reference generator, can quickly react not only to an instantaneous change in the input source but also to a load step between nominal and open circuit. Moreover, all of these operation modes have a very fast settling time of only 10 μs, which is hundreds of times faster than that of existing works. This attribute allows for higher speed and a more efficient maximum power point tracking algorithm. The proposed NSE, therefore, offers a superior dynamic performance among devices of the same kind.

An Adaptive Controller for Photovoltaic Emulator using Artificial Neural Network

“…The I-V characteristic curve produced by the PV emulator should be similar with the actual PV module characteristics [4,12]. The dynamic response of the PV emulator should close to 10 th of a microsecond to obtain better results from MPPT devices and power conditioning system [7,13].…”

“…The dynamic response of the PV emulator varies depending on output resistance [3], [6][7]. A low load resistance causes the overshoot at the output voltage and output current of the PV emulator.…”

“…As a result, a smaller capacitance is required to maintain similar ripple factor thus producing a faster transient response. The two-stage LC filter (TSLCF) is also introduced in the PV emulator application to improve the bandwidth of the PV emulator system [5].The dynamic response of the PV emulator varies depending on output resistance [3], [6][7]. A low load resistance causes the overshoot at the output voltage and output current of the PV emulator.…”

Simple and fast computation photovoltaic emulator using shift controller

“…This equation is modified according to Fig. 11 and the equation becomes (16), in which m is assumed equal to one for derivation simplification. The dE f is the difference between the current dE f , dE f(i) , and the previous dE f , dE f(i−1) , which is substituted into (16) to become (17).…”

“…11 and the equation becomes (16), in which m is assumed equal to one for derivation simplification. The dE f is the difference between the current dE f , dE f(i) , and the previous dE f , dE f(i−1) , which is substituted into (16) to become (17). The current dD, dD (i) is simplified and the final equation is shown in (18) y = mx + c (15) dD = E f + dE f (16)…”