High-efficiency ammonia-fed solid oxide fuel cell systems for distributed power generation

Quach, Thai-Quyen; Giap, Van-Tien; Lee, Jaewoong; Israel, Torres Pineda; Ahn, Kook Young

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119718

Cited by 44 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…where η SOFC-A refers to the system efficiency of SOFC fuelled with ammonia (55%) [99] and LHV A represents lower heating value ammonia (kWh/kg) (Table 1) [89].…”

Section: The Lca Of a Hydrogen-powered Shipmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alternative Fuels for the Marine Sector and Their Applicability for Purse Seiners in a Life-Cycle Framework

Perčić,

Vladimir,

Koričan

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Fossil fuel combustion is a major source of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs), which cause global warming. To prevent further increases in anthropogenic GHGs, the global community needs to take action in each segment of the economy, including the shipping sector. Among different measures for reducing shipping emissions, the most promising one is the replacement of conventional marine fuels with alternatives. According to the International Maritime Organisation’s regulations, ships engaged in international shipping need to reduce their annual emissions by at least 50% by 2050. However, this does not apply to fishing vessels, which are highly dependent on fossil fuels and greatly contribute to air pollution. This paper investigates the environmental footprint of a fishing vessel (purse seiner) through the implementation of various alternative fuels. Within the research, Life-Cycle Assessments (LCAs) and Life-Cycle Cost Assessments (LCCAs) are performed, resulting in life-cycle emissions and lifetime costs for each alternative, which are then compared to a diesel-powered ship (baseline scenario). The comparison, based on environmental and economic criteria, highlighted methanol as the most suitable alternative for the purse seiner, as its use onboard resulted in 22.4% lower GHGs and 23.3% lower costs in comparison to a diesel-powered ship.

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“…where η SOFC-A refers to the system efficiency of SOFC fuelled with ammonia (55%) [99] and LHV A represents lower heating value ammonia (kWh/kg) (Table 1) [89].…”

Section: The Lca Of a Hydrogen-powered Shipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where ηSOFC-A refers to the system efficiency of SOFC fuelled with ammonia (55%) [99] and LHVA represents lower heating value ammonia (kWh/kg) (Table 1) [89]. The processes included in the LCA of an ammonia-powered ship with the fuel cell (A-H) are presented in Figure 15.…”

Section: The Lca Of a Hydrogen-powered Shipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Fuels for the Marine Sector and Their Applicability for Purse Seiners in a Life-Cycle Framework

Perčić,

Vladimir,

Koričan

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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“…While ammonia has several beneficial characteristics that improve the storage and transportation of hydrogen, only a few research works have systematically investigated the impacts of catalyst type and reaction temperature on the economic and environmental performances of an ammonia conversion system. Similarly, research on electricity generation based on ammonia has mainly focused on injecting ammonia into a gas turbine 19 or a solid oxide fuel cell 20 for direct use of ammonia as an energy source. However, gas turbines are typically used in centralized power plants and ammonia fuel cells still require technological development due to their low stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of electricity generation based on an ammonia-to-hydrogen-to-power system

et al. 2023

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“…As the standard SOFC fuel electrode is made of a Ni-YSZ composite (cermet), which is characterized by good catalytic properties against ammonia cracking, and this process takes place at temperatures above 400°C, which is in the operating range of SOFC. NH3 cracking may thus occur spontaneously inside the SOFC stack, eliminating a need of external fuel reformerso called direct-ammonia SOFCs (4)(5)(6). One of the key challenges for DA-SOFCs is enhancement of the in-situ fuel conversion at the anode side, support as well as functional layer, and minimization or elimination of the typical degradation mechanism like nickel nitrification, agglomeration, and growth of nickel grains, causing a decrease of the number of catalytically active centers and an irreversible increase of cells resistance (7)(8)(9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Thickness on Direct Ammonia Decomposition in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Numerical and Experimental Research

Machaj¹,

Skrzypkiewicz²,

Niemczyk³

et al. 2023

ECS Trans.

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Ammonia is a promising carbon-free hydrogen carrier and can be used as a fuel in energy systems, but often requires proper processing or decomposition into hydrogen and nitrogen in the presence of a catalyst. Due to the nickel-based anode and operating temperatures above 600 °C, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can be directly fed with NH3 as a fuel - direct-ammonia SOFCs (DA-SOFCs). In this study, the performance of cells with different anode thickness was compared under similar operating conditions for crossflow DA-SOFCs. The experimental results were reproduced in the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, OpenFuelCell, in which the source term responsible for internal cracking was introduced. Carried out calculations allowed to determine the distribution of ammonia and temperature in the SOFC anode functional layers. Lowering the operating temperature and cell thickness lead to incomplete conversion of ammonia in the cell.

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High-efficiency ammonia-fed solid oxide fuel cell systems for distributed power generation

Cited by 44 publications

References 37 publications

Alternative Fuels for the Marine Sector and Their Applicability for Purse Seiners in a Life-Cycle Framework

Alternative Fuels for the Marine Sector and Their Applicability for Purse Seiners in a Life-Cycle Framework

Feasibility of electricity generation based on an ammonia-to-hydrogen-to-power system

Impact of Thickness on Direct Ammonia Decomposition in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Numerical and Experimental Research

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