High-efficiency DNA injection into a single human mesenchymal stem cell using a nanoneedle and atomic force microscopy

Electrical Impedance Monitoring of Photothermal Porated Mammalian Cells

“…Methods include electroporation, sonoporation, optoporation, microinjection, and other chemical and biological approaches. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The size of delivered cargo can vary by several orders of magnitude, from small molecules such as DNA, molecule probes, quantum dots, proteins, and microbeads up to micrometersized intracellular pathogens, such as bacteria. 11 Technologies that allow large-size cargo delivery into live cells are highly sought but rare.…”

Non-viral gene therapy for bone tissue engineering

“…Different cell types including MSCs were efficiently transfected without disturbance of differentiation capability 163 . In case of the ex-vivo microinjection method using nano-needles which are manipulated using an atomic force microscope, transfection efficiencies were even higher (up to 70 %), while no irreparable membrane damage did occur 164 . To be able to microinject multiple cells at a time, hollow carbon nanotubes are lined up vertically and inject multiple cells simultaneously.…”

Progress in measuring biophysical properties of membrane proteins with AFM single-molecule force spectroscopy

“…Using nanoneedle we can deliver drugs into single cells [80]. However, invasive approaches will inevitably influence the cellular physiology and may cause damage.…”