High-efficiency parallel-circuit class-E power amplifier with distributed T-shaped compensation circuit

Abstract

This article reports a modified parallel-circuit class-E power amplifier (PA) that maintains its operating conditions even when the output capacitance of the transistor is greater the optimum capacitance. The finite inductor in the parallel topology is replaced by an L-C T-shaped circuit to eliminate the limits on the maximum operating frequency. The L-C T-shaped circuit can be approximately transformed to the distributed for the microwave applications. The analysis is validated by simulation and measurement. The fabricated PA deliver a maximum drain efficiency of 77.5% with the maximum output power of 40.2 dBm at 2.9 GHz.

Design and implementation of a battery test system with energy recycling technique

“…The resonant load is achieved by class E topology [8,9,10], as shown in Fig. 4(a), which consists of two inductors (L 1 and L 2 ), two capacitors (C 1 and C 2 ), and one power switch (S).…”

Computer‐aided design methodology for inductive compensated microwave class‐E power amplifier

“…For that reason, some authors have presented, following the approach in Ref. 13, alternative structures using transmission lines to achieve compensation at the fundamental and harmonics as is the case of Leng et al 14 and Cheng et al 15 In a more recent work, Liu et al 16 introduced a parallel‐circuit class‐E/F power amplifier, which includes a transmission line based compensating network to account for excessive transistor output capacitance. Nevertheless, the maximum operating frequency of the network in Ref.…”

“…This article extends the work in Refs. 13–15 by addressing the following topics: Replacing the ideal switch by a more complete transistor model, namely, a voltage‐controlled current source (which intrinsically includes pinch‐off voltage, saturation resistance, etc.) together with the non‐linear transistor capacitances, Reviewing the effect of the FDIC on the transistor drain voltage and current waveforms and discussing the limitations of the inductive compensation, Presenting an alternative design approach for FDIC‐class E (i.e., a class‐E PA employing frequency‐dependent inductive compensation), which simplifies the class‐E topology by unifying the compensation network, harmonic suppression and matching network to obtain more design flexibility. …”

“…In addition to this, the transmission line networks presented in Refs. 14,15 will be shortly described. In Section 3 this approach will be evaluated at microwaves using first an ideal switch and then a simplified large‐signal transistor model.…”

Design of broadband Class EF power amplifier based on low-pass filter matching structure

“…Especially for power amplifiers (PAs), the related characteristics such as bandwidth and efficiency must be greatly improved. Recently, many high-efficiency RF PAs have been reported in [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. The traditional harmonic control PAs such as Class F PAs [12,13,14,15] and switch PAs like class E PAs [16,17,18,19] have become the research hotspots because of their ideal 100% drain efficiency.…”