High endothelial venules of the rat lymph node. A review and a question: Is their activity antigen specific?

Sainte-Marie, G; Peng, F.‐S.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0185(199608)245:4<593::aid-ar1>3.0.co;2-q

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Thereafter, to a variable extent, lymphocytes continue to enter the compartment via this route as evidenced by many facts (Sainte-Marie and Peng, 1996), some of which are recalled here. First, is the frequent occurrence of lymphocytes in the afferent lymphatic vessels (as seen with a favorable cutting plane of tissue in Fig.…”

Section: Entry Of Circulating Lymphocytes At the Subcapsular Sinusmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A relevant lymphocyte, probing this wall, may thus contact its target and be selectively recruited there. As to the specific recruitment of blood-carried cells, it is supported by the non-uniform (i.e., focalized and selective) adherence pattern of suspended live nodal lymphocytes to HEVs in sections of frozen lymph nodes (Sainte-Marie and Peng, 1995) as well as by other observations on HEVs and lymph nodes under various states, which can be explained only by specific recruitment (Sainte- Marie and Peng, 1996). In addition, the marked variations in the features of individual and even adjacent HEV cells (Fig.…”

Section: Antigen-specific Recruitment Of Circulating Lymphocytesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The aDCC recruits elements involved in both cellular and humoral responses, whereas the bDCC recruits only elements committed to humoral responses (see below). A third domain located above the deep cortex periphery was also distinguished (Sainte-Marie and Peng, 1996), but it is not essential to the present discussion.…”

Section: Deep Cortexmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In addition, HEVs are commonly described as being uniform, but they have generally been studied under conditions that do not reveal the great plasticity in the features of their individual endothelial (or HEV) cells. Striking differences may be apparent even in adjacent cells (for a general review on HEVs, see Sainte-Marie and Peng, 1996).…”

Section: High Endothelial Venulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is especially important for rare circulating naïve cells that survive only a few days if inactivated (Stites et al, 1994). Sainte-Marie and Peng (1996) further concluded that a circulating cell enters only a compartment hosting its target, not excluding the possibility that a cell might enter for an activity other than triggering a response.…”

Section: Restricted Lymphocyte Wandering For a Successful Questmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Lymph Node Revisited: Development, Morphology, Functioning, and Role in Triggering Primary Immune Responses

Sainte-Marie

2010

The Anatomical Record

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Scenarios have been proposed to explain how lymphoid components of a lymph node favor the encounter of a drained antigen with a circulating competent naïve lymphocyte to trigger a primary immune response. However, these scenarios rest on incorrect concepts about the organ. This situation resulted from a loss of interest for studies on in vivo lymphoid organs due to a widespread switch, decades ago, to work on suspended lymphoid cells. However, an in vivo holistic study of the organ continued in our laboratory. The present review synthesizes resulting knowledge on lymph node morphology and global functioning. We show that the opening of an afferent lymphatic vessel into the subcapsular sinus is the focal point from which the related portion of a lymph node-a node compartment-is developed. As to the formation of a compartment's lymphoid components, it is neonatally orchestrated by the dichotomic nature and distribution of antigens in this subcapsular sinus, which determines a dichotomic recruitment of circulating cells and the compartment's architectural complexity. The transport process of an antigen from a given tissue territory into restricted sites of the draining compartment further defines its local morphological features and activities, while providing the possibility to reduce the wandering of a short-lived naïve cell through innumerable target-devoid sites. We also explain that the nodal lymphoid components are not implicated in the triggering of primary responses, but are rather products of such responses. Scenarios for the triggering of primary responses, consistent with real node morphology and functioning, are proposed. Anat Rec,

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Section: Entry Of Circulating Lymphocytes At the Subcapsular Sinusmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Antigen-specific Recruitment Of Circulating Lymphocytesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Deep Cortexmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: High Endothelial Venulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Restricted Lymphocyte Wandering For a Successful Questmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Lymph Node Revisited: Development, Morphology, Functioning, and Role in Triggering Primary Immune Responses

Sainte-Marie

2010

The Anatomical Record

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Vascular Microarchitecture of Murine Colitis‐Associated Lymphoid Angiogenesis

Turhan¹,

Miao²,

Lee³

et al. 2009

The Anatomical Record

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In permissive tissues, such as the gut and synovium, chronic inflammation can result in the ectopic development of anatomic structures that resemble lymph nodes. These inflammation-induced structures, termed lymphoid neogenesis or tertiary lymphoid organs, may reflect differential stromal responsiveness to the process of lymphoid neogenesis. To investigate the structural reorganization of the microcirculation involved in colonic lymphoid neogenesis, we studied a murine model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Standard 2-dimensional histology demonstrated both submucosal and intramucosal lymphoid structures in DSSinduced colitis. A spatial frequency analysis of serial histologic sections suggested that most intramucosal lymphoid aggregates developed de novo. Intravital microscopy of intravascular tracers confirmed that the developing intramucosal aggregates were supplied by capillaries arising from the quasi-polygonal mucosal plexus. Confocal optical sections and whole mount morphometry demonstrated capillary networks (185 AE 46 lm diameter) involving six to ten capillaries with a luminal diameter of 6.8 AE 1.1 lm. Microdissection and angiogenesis PCR array analysis demonstrated enhanced expression of multiple angiogenic genes including CCL2, CXCL2, CXCL5, Il-1b, MMP9, and TNF within the mucosal plexus. Intravital microscopy of tracer particle flow velocities demonstrated a marked decrease in flow velocity from 808 AE 901 lm/sec within the feeding mucosal plexus to 491 AE 155 lm/sec within the capillary structures. We conclude that the development of ectopic lymphoid tissue requires significant structural remodeling of the stromal microcirculation. A feature of permissive tissues may be the capacity for lymphoid angiogenesis. Anat Rec, 292:621-632, 2009

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Leishmaniosis—A report about the microvascular and cellular architecture of the infected spleen inCanis familiaris

Alexandre‐Pires¹,

Pais²,

Correia³

et al. 2006

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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Leishmaniosis is an anthropozoonosis caused by an intracellular protozoan parasite that causes a wide spectrum of diseases in humans and dogs worldwide. In the Mediterranean basin, Portugal, Central and South America, and in the Middle East, visceral leishmaniosis is caused by Leishmania infantum. In these areas, dogs are believed to be the natural reservoirs of this parasite. In the case of visceral leishmaniosis, the spleen is one of the several hematopoietic and immunocompetent organs involved. Since this viscera is a blood filter, the authors investigated the expression of the morphological and microvascular environment and modifications of the spleen cell population related to immunological responses to this parasitic condition. The tools used to perform this study were scanning electronic microscopy of intact tissue and corrosion casts, transmission electronic microscopy, histology and immunohistochemistry. The results reveal three important modifications concerning the spleen's microvascular architecture when compared with its normal pattern, independently of the serological titer obtained with indirect immunofluorescence. (1) A marked scarcity of the sinusoidal system sheet that surrounds the central artery/arteriole of the white pulp; (2) A huge development of pulp venules and veins; (3) The presence of a surprising development of reticular fibers. The authors postulate that independent of the virulence of the parasite involved and the type of immunity prevalent in a particular host, the spleen develops blood dynamic conditions that permit reduction in the speed of blood flow so that cells involved in immunological processes can proliferate and differentiate, and also contributes to trapping lymphocytes within the area through the differentiation of characteristics that resemble those of HEV endothelial cells.

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High endothelial venules of the rat lymph node. A review and a question: Is their activity antigen specific?

Cited by 16 publications

References 99 publications

The Lymph Node Revisited: Development, Morphology, Functioning, and Role in Triggering Primary Immune Responses

The Lymph Node Revisited: Development, Morphology, Functioning, and Role in Triggering Primary Immune Responses

Vascular Microarchitecture of Murine Colitis‐Associated Lymphoid Angiogenesis

Leishmaniosis—A report about the microvascular and cellular architecture of the infected spleen inCanis familiaris

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