“…Till now, lots of acceleration mechanisms have been proposed, such as the plasma wake field acceleration, 14 the target normal sheath acceleration (TNSA), [15][16][17][18] shock-wave acceleration at the front of the target, 19,20 and radiation pressure acceleration (RPA). 21,22 Although the maximum energy an ion can obtain from the laser pulse is proportional to the intensity of laser pulse and the cube root of acceleration time or distance theoretically, 23,24 yet the focused peak intensity of laser is always limited by the material breakdown threshold in practice, 25 and many other undesirable effects such as instabilities come to appear over long interaction time. 26 To date, a lot of improvements have been made by optimizing laser parameters, or designing new targets.…”