High Energy Gain of Trapped Electrons in a Tapered, Diffraction-Dominated Inverse-Free-Electron Laser

Musumeci, P.; Tochitsky, Sergei; Boucher, S.; Clayton, C. E.; Doyuran, A.; England, R. J.; Joshi, C.; Pellegrini, C.; Ralph, J. E.; Rosenzweig, James; Sung, C.; Tolmachev, S. V.; Travish, G.; Varfolomeev, A.A.; Yarovoi, T.; Yoder, R. B.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.94.154801

Cited by 53 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The data are compared with three-dimensional particle tracking simulations in the combined laser and undulator fields using all the measured input parameters and field maps (that is, no free parameters). The simulation code 17 solves the Lorentz force equations rather than averaging the motion of the electrons over an undulator period and was previously benchmarked against IFEL experimental results in planar undulators 11 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-quality electron beams from a helical inverse free-electron laser accelerator

Duris¹,

Musumeci²,

Babzien

et al. 2014

Nat Commun

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Compact, table-top sized accelerators are key to improving access to high-quality beams for use in industry, medicine and academic research. Among laser-based accelerating schemes, the inverse free-electron laser (IFEL) enjoys unique advantages. By using an undulator magnetic field in combination with a laser, GeV m À 1 gradients may be sustained over metre-scale distances using laser intensities several orders of magnitude less than those used in laser wake-field accelerators. Here we show for the first time the capture and high-gradient acceleration of monoenergetic electron beams from a helical IFEL. Using a modest intensity (B10 13 Wcm À 2 ) laser pulse and strongly tapered 0.5 m long undulator, we demonstrate 4100 MV m À 1 accelerating gradient, 450 MeV energy gain and excellent output beam quality. Our results pave the way towards compact, tunable GeV IFEL accelerators for applications such as driving soft X-ray free-electron lasers and producing g-rays by inverse Compton scattering.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-quality electron beams from a helical inverse free-electron laser accelerator

Duris¹,

Musumeci²,

Babzien

et al. 2014

Nat Commun

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“…A coil is made to rotate such that one side is on the axis An example spectrum of a PMQ is presented in figure 8. 11. Misalignment of the rotating axis with respect to the quadrupole axis causes the appearance of a dipole term.…”

Section: The Rotating Coilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lawson[8], and is often referred to as the Lawson-Woodward theorem. Acceleration can still be achieved from free space traveling lasers by instead matching the optical and electron phase velocity either via an undulator in the inverse free electron laser (IFEL) experiments [9,10,11] or with a low pressure gas in inverse Cherenkov acceleration [12,13] or by relying on a higher order interaction between the laser and electron (ponderomotive acceleration) which requires very high laser intensity [14]. These experiments however all have the significant disadvantage that the coupling efficiency between laser and electron is very low with the vast majority of the laser pulse energy wasted.…”

Section: List Of Figuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production, Characterization, and Acceleration of Optical Microbunches

Sears¹

2008

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Optical microbunches with a spacing of 800 nm have been produced for laser acceleration research. The microbunches are produced using a inverse Free-ElectronLaser (IFEL) followed by a dispersive chicane. The microbunched electron beam is characterized by coherent optical transition radiation (COTR) with good agreement to the analytic theory for bunch formation. In a second experiment the bunches are accelerated in a second stage to achieve for the first time direct net acceleration of electrons traveling in a vacuum with visible light.This dissertation presents the theory of microbunch formation and characterization of the microbunches. It also presents the design of the experimental hardware from magnetostatic and particle tracking simulations, to fabrication and measurement of the undulator and chicane magnets. Finally, the dissertation discusses three experiments aimed at demonstrating the IFEL interaction, microbunch production, and the net acceleration of the microbunched beam.At the close of the dissertation, a separate but related research effort on the tight focusing of electrons for coupling into optical scale, Photonic Bandgap, structures is presented. This includes the design and fabrication of a strong focusing permanent magnet quadrupole triplet and an outline of an initial experiment using the triplet to observe wakefields generated by an electron beam passing through an optical scale accelerator. Beyond the immediate influences on my career of those at SLAC and Stanford,

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“…Shorter wavelength radiation can sustain a higher accelerating field [61]. Thus, there is a significant effort to scale down the size of accelerating structures so that they can be driven by an optical laser [33,55,32,60].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of Trapped Electron Bunches in a Plasma Wakefield Accelerator

Kirby¹

2009

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Plasma-based accelerators use the propagation of a drive bunch through plasma to create large electric fields. Recent plasma wakefield accelerator (PWFA) experiments, carried out at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), successfully doubled the energy for some of the 42 GeV drive bunch electrons in less than a meter; this feat would have required 3 km in the SLAC linac. This dissertation covers one phenomenon associated with the PWFA, electron trapping. Recently it was shown that PWFAs, operated in the nonlinear bubble regime, can trap electrons that are released by ionization inside the plasma wake and accelerate them to high energies. These trapped electrons occupy and can degrade the accelerating portion of the plasma wake, so it is important to understand their origins and how to remove them. Here, the onset of electron trapping is connected to the drive bunch properties.Additionally, the trapped electron bunches are observed with normalized transverse emittance divided by peak current, N,x /I t , below the level of 0.2 µm/kA. A theoretical model of the trapped electron emittance, developed here, indicates that the emittance scales inversely with the square root of the plasma density in the nonlinear "bubble" regime of the PWFA. This model and simulations indicate that the observed values of N,x /I t result from multi-GeV trapped electron bunches with emittances of a few µm and multi-kA peak currents. These properties make the trapped electrons a possible particle source for next generation light sources.This dissertation is organized as follows. The first chapter is an overview of the PWFA, which includes a review of the accelerating and focusing fields and a survey of the remaining issues for a plasma-based particle collider. Then, the second chapter examines the physics of electron trapping in the PWFA. The third chapter uses theory and simulations to analyze the properties of the trapped electron bunches. Chapters vi four and five present the experimental diagnostics and measurements for the trapped electrons. Next, the sixth chapter introduces suggestions for future trapped electron experiments. Then, Chapter seven contains the conclusions. In addition, there is an appendix chapter that covers a topic which is extraneous to electron trapping, but relevant to the PWFA. This chapter explores the feasibility of one idea for the production of a hollow channel plasma, which if produced could solve some of the remaining issues for a plasma-based collider.vii Acknowledgement

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High Energy Gain of Trapped Electrons in a Tapered, Diffraction-Dominated Inverse-Free-Electron Laser

Cited by 53 publications

References 17 publications

High-quality electron beams from a helical inverse free-electron laser accelerator

High-quality electron beams from a helical inverse free-electron laser accelerator

Production, Characterization, and Acceleration of Optical Microbunches

Properties of Trapped Electron Bunches in a Plasma Wakefield Accelerator

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