High-Energy Radiation-Induced Changes in the Crystal Morphology of Cellulose

Morin, Frederick G.; Jordan, Byron D.; Marchessault, R. H.

doi:10.1021/ma030528z

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Moreover, the conversion of the I-alpha form to the I-beta form is less at the higher dosage (10 MeV). However, the degree of crystallinity was found to be unaffected by irradiation [ 16 ]. It is evident that several aspects of the interaction between cellulose and electron beam irradiation are still far from being sufficiently understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Beam Irradiation of Cellulosic Materials—Opportunities and Limitations

et al. 2013

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Abstract:The irradiation of pulp is of interest from different perspectives. Mainly it is required when a modification of cellulose is needed. Irradiation could bring many advantages, such as chemical savings and, therefore, cost savings and a reduction in environmental pollutants. In this account, pulp and dissociated celluloses were analyzed before and after irradiation by electron beaming. The focus of the analysis was the oxidation of hydroxyl groups to carbonyl and carboxyl groups in pulp and the degradation of cellulose causing a decrease in molar mass. For that purpose, the samples were labeled with a selective fluorescence marker and analyzed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering (MALLS), refractive index (RI), and fluorescence detectors. Degradation of the analyzed substrates was the predominant result of the irradiation; however, in the microcrystalline samples, oxidized cellulose functionalities were introduced along the cellulose chain, making this substrate suitable for further chemical modification.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Beam Irradiation of Cellulosic Materials—Opportunities and Limitations

et al. 2013

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“…This paper will focus on the effect of electron beam irradiation on the chemical degradation of cellulose in fully bleached fibres and woodfree papers (without any mechanical pulp content). The effect of irradiation on cellulose crystalline morphology has already been addressed (Morin et al 2004) while the effect on fibre and paper strengths, and on darkening of fine papers will be published soon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of ionizing radiation on the cellulose of woodfree paper

2006

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There is presently a concern because the US Postal Service now has 8 electron beam accelerators to treat mail in locations along the east coast and that a sufficient dosage to destroy Anthrax is also strong enough to darken and weaken the paper in the postal envelopes. In addition to direct photolytic scission of the cellulose chain, irradiation darkens paper, swells pulp fibres, increases hygroscopicity, and renders the cellulose more soluble in alkaline solution and more susceptible to acid hydrolysis. This report will focus on the effect of electron beam irradiation on degradation of cellulose of fine papers. Three reference papers were selected, sorted into postal envelopes and exposed to electron beam irradiation. The results have shown that irradiation at the dosage used to treat mail by the US Postal Service depolymerizes and oxidizes the cellulose. Depolymerization is responsible for a decrease of paper strength while oxidation induces darkening of the paper. Irradiating at high electron beam energy is less damaging than using lower energy. Moreover, linear relationships have been found between the number of chain scission (CSN) in cellulose and the irradiation dosage as well as between CSN and Zero-Span Breaking Length. These relationships make the strength loss predictable.

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“…(Driscoll et al 2009). Irradiation has a considerable effect on the structure of cellulose; it causes chain scission and thus decreases DP (Saeman et al 1952) and oxidizes cellulose by introduction of carboxyl and carbonyl groups (Morin et al 2004;Bouchard et al 2006;Henniges et al 2013). Decrease in crystallinity is likely to be caused by substitution of hydroxyl groups with the oxidized ones, along with a consequent weakening of intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding (Henniges et al 2013).…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Fibresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boosting the extensibility potential of fibre networks: A review

Vishtal

Retulainen

2014

BioRes

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Production of paper-based packaging is growing at the present moment and has great future prospects. However, the development of new packaging concepts is creating a demand for an improvement in the mechanical properties of paper. Extensibility is one of these properties. Highly extensible papers have the potential to replace certain kinds of plastics used in packaging. Extensibility is also important for the sack and bag paper grades and for runnability in any converting process. This paper reviews the factors that affect the extensibility of fibres and paper, and discusses opportunities for improving the straining potential of paper and paper-like fibre networks. It is possible to classify factors that affect extensibility into three main categories: fibre structure, interfibre bonding, and structure of the fibre network. Extensibility is also affected by the straining situation and the phase state of the polymers in the cell wall. By understanding the basic phenomena related to the elongation, and by combining different methods affecting the deformability of fibre network, extensibility of paper can be raised to a higher level.

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High-Energy Radiation-Induced Changes in the Crystal Morphology of Cellulose

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Electron Beam Irradiation of Cellulosic Materials—Opportunities and Limitations

Electron Beam Irradiation of Cellulosic Materials—Opportunities and Limitations

The effects of ionizing radiation on the cellulose of woodfree paper

Boosting the extensibility potential of fibre networks: A review

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