High entropy nanomaterials for energy storage and catalysis applications

Abstract

In the past decade, high entropy alloys have been a research field of interest largely attributed to the enormous possibilities in alloy compositions, solid solution microstructures, and enhanced properties. The progress accomplished so far in the innovative growth and development of the mechanical, nanomechanical, chemical, electrochemical properties for energy storage systems using high entropy alloys on the nanoscale has limited reports in the literature. Mastering the synthesis of high entropy alloys is the deciding factor, if not the holy grail, when interested in a new material. For nanoparticles, in particular, this is true. Hence, the study on the production of high entropy alloy nanoparticles (HE-NPs) and the impact of synthesis on the structure of the resulting nanomaterial is valid for newly emerging components like HEA-NPs and the linkages between synthesis, structure, and property are essential for creating HEA-NP-based applications for energy storage applications, requiring the creation of a fundamental protocol to enable their mass manufacture and efficiency in service. In this study, we have presented a straightforward review of high entropy alloys, recent advances in high entropy nanoparticles and their various syntheses for energy and catalysis applications.

Synthesis of High Entropy Alloy Nanoparticles by Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquids: Influence of Target Preparation on Stoichiometry and Productivity

“…Downsizing HEAs to the nanoscale provides additional application possibilities resulting from the high surface‐to‐volume ratio and quantum confinement effect, making them suitable for catalysis [12–15] energy storage, [16,17] magnetic, [18–20] and biomedical applications [21,22] . Feng et al [12] .…”

Synthesis and Unique Behaviors of High-Purity HEA Nanoparticles Using Femtosecond Laser Ablation

“…Laser ablation synthesis, known for its precision and minimal contamination risk, has high energy requirements and is prone to producing inconsistent particle sizes. The above challenges need to be addressed to make HEA nanomaterial synthesis more viable for widespread industrial applications [ 32 ].…”

Synthesis of AgCoCuFeNi High Entropy Alloy Nanoparticles by Hydrogen Reduction-Assisted Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis

“…The utilization of noble metal and noble metal-based oxide catalysts (such as Pt, RuO 2 , and IrO 2 ), along with traditional alloy catalysts (like Fe-Pt, Pt-Ni, CuPdAu), in large-scale applications is hindered by their high costs, limited natural resources, and scarcity [8]. This creates a strong incentive to innovate and fabricate electrocatalysts that are cost-effective, exceptionally efficient, and easily accessible, surpassing the catalytic performance of noble metals and conventional alloys, hence the importance of HEAs in catalytic applications such as the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR), and ammonia (NH 3 ) decomposition [9]. In their study on the synthesis of Co CuFeNi particles by hydrogen reduction-assisted ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP-HR), Küçükelyas and his co-workers found that these particles exhibited high ferromagnetic behavior, making them promising materials for catalytic applications [10].…”