High Exposure to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora Spp. in Donkeys in Israel: Serological Survey and Case Reports

Tirosh-Levy, Sharon; Steinman, Amir; Minderigiu, Avital; Arieli, Ori; Savitski, Igor; Fleiderovitz, Ludmila; Edery, Nir; Schvartz, Gili; Mazuz, Monica L.

doi:10.3390/ani10101921

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Low antibody titers were also observed by James et al [23], in which 73% (239/328) of the animals titrated below 1:100 for anti-T. gondii, and by Bartová et al [24], who observed that all positive animals for anti-T. gondii (3%; 19/643) and for anti-N. caninum (2.3%; 15/6430) antibodies titrated up to 1:100. Low titers for anti-T. gondii in horses should not be ignored [25], as they commonly develop lower antibody titers [26,27]. In infections by other pathogens, they found that high titers of antibodies were observed after recent contact with the antigen, indicating acute infection, in addition to low titers in chronic infections, denoting old contact with the agent [28,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Anti-Neospora caninum Antibodies in Urban Traction Equids in Northeast Brazil: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors

et al. 2023

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The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum antibodies in equids that carry out traction work in Northeastern Brazil, and to establish the potential risk factors associated with seropositivity for these agents. Blood samples were collected from 322 traction equids (horses, donkeys and mules) in urban areas of 16 municipalities in the State of Paraíba, Brazil. The samples were sent for serological diagnosis using the Immunofluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT). Epidemiological questionnaires were given to the owners to assess the possible risk factors associated with infections. It was observed that 13.7% (44/322, CI: 10.9–16.5) of the equids tested positive for anti-T. gondii antibodies and 5% (16/322, CI: 2.6–7.4) tested positive for anti-N. caninum antibodies. Conducting traction work for over four years was considered a risk factor associated with T. gondii infection (odds ratio: 6.050; CI: 4.38–8.54, p = 0.025). There were no risk factors associated with N. caninum infection. It was concluded that traction equids have a significant prevalence of anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum antibodies in urban areas in the State of Paraíba, with an identified risk factor for seropositivity for anti-T. gondii as conducting traction work for more than four years.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Anti-Neospora caninum Antibodies in Urban Traction Equids in Northeast Brazil: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors

et al. 2023

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“…to be 40% in horses and 52% in donkeys. According to Tirosh-Levy et al (48), it was as high as 70% in donkeys. Sevgili et al (44) reported the seroprevalence of Neospora sp.…”

Section: Componentmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Balkaya et al (7) found that the prevalence of the parasite was 62%, which is also compatible with our result. However, T. gondii is common not only in equids, but also in other mammalian species, such as sheep, cattle, cats, dogs, and humans, in Turkey and worldwide (20,25,48). It can be suggested that T. gondii is highly prevalent in Turkey in both humans and other mammalians, which is a very prominent problem for public health (7,15).…”

Section: Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of the selected parasites and viral infections in horses and donkeys in Turkey

BAYDAR¹,

AYDOGDU²,

UTUK³

et al. 2023

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of certain protozoa (B. caballi, T. equi, T. gondii, Neospora sp.) and viral agents (equine influenza, equine viral arteritis, equine herpesviruses) of equids in Balikesir and its surroundings, in Turkey. Plasma and serum samples were collected from 66 horses and 96 donkeys. Babesia caballi, T. equi and Neospora sp. antibodies were detected with c-ELISA, whereas T. gondii antibodies were revealed by the Sabin Feldman Dye test. Viral agents were detected by the PCR technique. The prevalence rates of the protozoa in horses were 12.12% for B. caballi, 34.84% for T. equi, 9.09% for T. gondii, and 10.6% for Neospora sp. The molecular prevalence of the viral agents amounted to 3.03% for equine influenza virus and 6.06% for equine herpesvirus 5. Equine viral arteritis virus and other herpesviruses (1, 2 and 4) were not detected in any of the samples. The rates of seropositivity in donkeys were 1.69% for B. caballi, 71.87% for T. equi, 90.62% for T. gondii, 23.95% for Neospora sp., 1.04% for equine influenza virus, 0% for equine viral arteritis virus, 3.12% for equine herpesvirus 5, and 0% for other herpesviruses. This study is the first to report the existence of anti-Neospora sp. antibodies in donkeys and the seroprevalence of T. gondii in horses and donkeys in Western Anatolia, Turkey.

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“…Toxoplasma gondii is a very important food-borne zoonotic pathogen that can infect almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans, livestock and birds [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and also causes economic losses in the livestock industry [15][16][17]. Tibetan sheep and yaks are indigenous species raised under extensive animal systems, while cows, chickens, pigs, and horses are important economic livestock animals in the QTPA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and Epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii in Animals in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area, China

Zheng

Yang

et al. 2021

Pathogens

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Toxoplasma gondii belongs to the Apicomplexan protozoa—an obligate intracellular parasite—causing toxoplasmosis that has a worldwide distribution and is very harmful to both human health and the livestock industry. However, the information on toxoplasmosis in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area (QTPA) and the seroprevalence of T. gondii in the food-borne animals in that area has been limited. Therefore, this study focused to T. gondii and toxoplasmosis to perform an indirect ELISA test based on recombinant TgSAG2 protein to establish a comprehensive record of the seroprevalence of T. gondii infections in a wide range of animals, including Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries), yaks (Bos grunniens), cows, chicken, pigs, and horses, in the QTPA. Overall, the seropositive rates of the specific-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies in all investigated animals were 44.1% (1179/2673) and 18.0% (469/2612), respectively. The 14.9% (389/2612) sera were determined to be both IgG and IgM positive samples, 30.2% (789/2673) were single-IgG seropositive, and a total of 80 in 2612 animals (3.0%) were single-IgM seropositive. Moreover, for the animal species, the pig was the most prevalent animal (90.2%, 304/337) for IgG positivity, followed by Tibetan sheep (50.7%, 460/907), chickens (45.8%, 229/500), yaks (21.1%, 140/663), cows (18.5%, 38/205) and horses (13.1%, 8/61), respectively. For the IgM antibody positivity, the pig was also the most prevalent animal (41.8%, 141/337), followed by Tibetan sheep (21.2%, 191/907), cows (15.1%, 31/205), chickens (12.4%, 62/500) and yaks (6.6%, 44/663), respectively. The significant differences in the prevalent distribution of T. gondii were found in the different altitudes. In conclusion, this study found the high seroprevalence for T. gondii infections among these animal species in the QTPA, and provides new data to facilitate further research for development of control measures against T. gondii infections in the surveyed locations.

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High Exposure to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora Spp. in Donkeys in Israel: Serological Survey and Case Reports

Cited by 11 publications

References 49 publications

Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Anti-Neospora caninum Antibodies in Urban Traction Equids in Northeast Brazil: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors

Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Anti-Neospora caninum Antibodies in Urban Traction Equids in Northeast Brazil: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors

Occurrence of the selected parasites and viral infections in horses and donkeys in Turkey

Seroprevalence and Epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii in Animals in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area, China

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