High expression of the mRNA of cytochrome P450 and phase II enzymes in the lung and kidney tissues of cattle

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the tissue-specific mRNA expression of different cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms, UDP glucuronsyl transferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) and glutathione-S-transferase (GSTA1) in the different tissues (liver, mammary gland, lungs, spleen, kidney cortex, heart, masseter muscle and tongue) of cattle, using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). CYP1A1-like mRNA was expressed in all of the tissues examined, including the liver, with the highest expression level in the kidney. CYP1A2-, 2E1-and 3A4-like mRNAs were only expressed hepatically. Interestingly, significant expression of CYP2B6-like mRNA was recorded in the lung tissue, while CYP2C9-like mRNA was expressed in the liver and kidney tissues of the cattle examined. UGT1A1-and GSTA1-like mRNAs were expressed in all of the examined tissues, except the mammary glands, and the highest expression levels were recorded in the kidney. The high expression of UGT1A1 in the lung tissue and GSTA1 in the liver tissue was unique to cattle; this has not been reported for rats or mice. The findings of this study strongly suggest that the liver, kidneys and lungs of cattle are the major organs contributing to xenobiotics metabolism.

Effects of body condition score (BCS) on steroid‐ and eicosanoid‐metabolizing enzyme activity in various mare tissues during winter anoestrus

“…The enzyme activity within the liver of cattle is supported by greatest mRNA expression of specific isoforms of the three enzymes, CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and CYP3A4, in hepatic tissues (Darwish, Ikenaka, El‐Ghareeb, & Ishizuka, ). However, CYP1A1, an isoform of CYP1A, yielded greatest mRNA expression within the kidney of cattle (Darwish et al., ), which could explain the greatest extrahepatic activity of CYP1A in the kidney tissue from the mares in the current study.…”

“…The enzyme activity within the liver of cattle is supported by greatest mRNA expression of specific isoforms of the three enzymes, CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and CYP3A4, in hepatic tissues (Darwish, Ikenaka, El‐Ghareeb, & Ishizuka, ). However, CYP1A1, an isoform of CYP1A, yielded greatest mRNA expression within the kidney of cattle (Darwish et al., ), which could explain the greatest extrahepatic activity of CYP1A in the kidney tissue from the mares in the current study. Expression of mRNA of these steroid‐metabolizing enzymes is highly species‐dependent, which is evident through the differential expression of isoforms of CYP1A and UGT in hepatic tissues between sheep and cattle (Girolami et al., ).…”

Gene expression and immunochemical localization of major cytochrome P450 drug-metabolizing enzymes in bovine nasal olfactory and respiratory mucosa

“…However, information available about the presence and activity of CYP3A enzymes in the nasal mucosa is scarce. CYP3A proteins have been previously identified in the respiratory and olfactory mucosa of rats, rabbits and humans by immunohistochemistry (Ding and Kaminsky, 2003; Thornton-Manning, 1997; Yokose et al, 1999), and CYP3A4-like gene expression was reported by Darwish et al in mRNA samples extracted from bovine lungs and kidneys (Darwish et al, 2010(b)). Quantitative analysis of nasal mucosal CYP3A expression has not been previously reported, however.…”

“…The use of bovine tissues for studying the enzymatic activity in various organs, such as the liver, lungs, intestinal mucosa, kidneys, coronary arteries, and tongue, has become increasingly popular in recent years (Darwish et al, 2010(a), (b); Maté et al, 2015; Virkel et al, 2010; Zancanella et al, 2010). The proteolytic capacity of the bovine nasal mucosa has been used to investigate peptide transport and metabolism across the nasal mucosa (Lang et al, 1998, 1996; Schmidt et al, 2000).…”

Absolute quantification and modulation of cytochrome P450 3A isoforms in cattle liver

“…mycotoxins, plant secondary metabolites) or anthropogenic (i.e. drugs, pesticides and environmental pollutants) origin, and both the occurrence of potentially harmful drug-drug interactions and the accumulation of residues in edible tissues may represent a risk not only for the animal itself but also for consumers (Darwish et al, 2010;Fink-Gremmels, 2010).…”