High extracellular levels of potassium and trace metals in human brain abscess

Dahlberg, Daniel; Ivanović, Jugoslav; Mariussen, Espen; Hassel, Bjørnar

doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2015.02.003

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…One of the ways to eliminate this type of interference is the use of an internal standard suited to the analytes tested in terms of ionization and mass energy. In the work (Dahlberg et al, 2015) testing the content of K, Na, Mg, Ca, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, and Cr, the internal standard Sc, Rh, In, and Lu was used in each sample. In order to avoid interference due to mass differences, an internal standard that has a mass number as close to the analyzed element as possible should be used (however, it is not always possible to use an appropriate, stable isotope).…”

Section: Spectroscopic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Trace Elements in Human Brain: Its Aim, Methods, and Concentration Levels

et al. 2019

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Trace elements play a crucial role in many biochemical processes, mainly as components of vitamins and enzymes. Although small amounts of metal ions have protective properties, excess metal levels result in oxidative injury, which is why metal ion homeostasis is crucial for the proper functioning of the brain. The changes of their level in the brain have been proven to be a risk factor for Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases, as well as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Therefore, it is currently an important application of various analytical methods. This review covers the most important of them: inductively coupled ground mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), flame-induced atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS), optical emission spectrometry with excitation in inductively coupled plasma (ICP-OES), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), and neutron activation analysis (NAA). Additionally, we present a summary of concentration values found by different research groups.

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Section: Spectroscopic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Trace Elements in Human Brain: Its Aim, Methods, and Concentration Levels

et al. 2019

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“…The patients in the present study complained of cognitive symptoms or mental fatigue. Even so, we did not detect neocortical β‐amyloid accumulation in our patients as evaluated with 18 F‐flutemetamol PET, suggesting that cognitive symptoms in the first months following treatment are caused by factors other than β‐amyloid accumulation, such as neurotoxic substances from pus, inflammation, perilesional edema, and the destruction of brain tissue inherent in abscess formation [10–14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A focal bacterial brain infection may lead to the formation of an abscess, a cavity within the brain parenchyma filled with pus [10]. The pus contains multiple neuroactive compounds at toxic levels such as ammonia, glutamate, trace metals, and cytokines [11][12][13][14]. Neurologic symptoms depend on the localization of the abscess in the brain, and may include motor and sensory deficits and seizures [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

β‐Amyloid may accumulate in the human brain after focal bacterial infection: An ¹⁸F‐flutemetamol positron emission tomography study

Rogne

Müller

Udnæs

et al. 2020

Euro J of Neurology

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Background and purpose β‐Amyloid formation has been suggested to form part of the brain's response to bacterial infection. This hypothesis has been based on experimental animal studies and autopsy studies in humans. We asked if β‐amyloid accumulates locally around a bacterial brain abscess in living human patients. Furthermore, because brain abscess patients may suffer from chronic cognitive symptoms after abscess treatment, we also asked if a brain abscess precipitates accumulation of β‐amyloid in the neocortex in a manner that could explain abscess‐related cognitive complaints. Methods In a prospective study, we investigated 17 brain abscess patients (age 24–72 years) with 18F‐flutemetamol positron emission tomography on one occasion 1 to 10 months after brain abscess treatment to visualize β‐amyloid accumulation. Results 18F‐flutemetamol uptake was reduced in the edematous brain tissue that surrounded the abscess remains. On this background of reduced 18F‐flutemetamol signal, three out of 17 patients showed a distinctly increased 18F‐flutemetamol uptake in the tissue immediately surrounding the abscess remains, suggesting accumulation of β‐amyloid. These three patients underwent 18F‐flutemetamol positron emission tomography significantly earlier after neurosurgical treatment (p = 0.042), and they had larger abscesses (p = 0.027) than the rest of the patients. All 17 patients suffered from mental fatigue or some subjective cognitive symptom, such as attention difficulties or memory problems, but in none of the patients was there an increase in neocortical 18F‐flutemetamol signal. Conclusions β‐Amyloid may accumulate locally around the abscess remains in some patients with a brain abscess.

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“…A twofold increase in plasma [K + ] to 7 or 8 mmol/L in humans will likely lead to death, unless rapidly reduced (Conway, Creagh, Byrne, O'Riordan, & Silke, 2015;Gennari, 1998;Nyirenda, Tang, Padfield, & Seckl, 2009). A recent study measured the [K + ] in abscesses in the human brain and found the levels to have an average 10.6 ± 4.8 mmol/L (Dahlberg, Ivanovic, Mariussen, & Hassel, 2015). The leakage of such an abscess would be severely detrimental to the surrounding healthy tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of potassium and muscle homogenate on proprioceptive responses in crayfish and crab

et al. 2017

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Proprioception of limbs and joints is a basic sensory function throughout most of the animal kingdom. It is important to understand how proprioceptive organs and the associated sensory neurons function with altered environments such as increased potassium ion concentrations ([K]) from diseased states, ionic imbalances, and damaged tissues. These factors can drastically alter neuronal activity. To assess this matter, we used the chordotonal organ in a walking leg of a blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) and the muscle receptor organ of the crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). These organs serve as tractable models for the analysis of proprioception. The preparations can help serve as translational models for these effects, which may be observed in other invertebrate species as well as mammalian species (including humans). When extracellular potassium concentration ([K]) is increased to 20 mM in both preparations, mixed results are observed with activity increasing in some preparations and decreasing in others after mechanical displacement. However, when [K] is increased to 40 mM, activity drastically decreases in all preparations. Additionally, proprioceptor sensory activity declines upon exposure to a diluted muscle homogenate, which contains a host of intracellular constituents. The robust effects of altered [K] on proprioception in these models illuminate the potential detriments on neuronal function in cases of severe tissue damage as well as altered [K].

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High extracellular levels of potassium and trace metals in human brain abscess

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Analysis of Trace Elements in Human Brain: Its Aim, Methods, and Concentration Levels

Analysis of Trace Elements in Human Brain: Its Aim, Methods, and Concentration Levels

β‐Amyloid may accumulate in the human brain after focal bacterial infection: An ¹⁸F‐flutemetamol positron emission tomography study

The effects of potassium and muscle homogenate on proprioceptive responses in crayfish and crab

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High extracellular levels of potassium and trace metals in human brain abscess

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Analysis of Trace Elements in Human Brain: Its Aim, Methods, and Concentration Levels

Analysis of Trace Elements in Human Brain: Its Aim, Methods, and Concentration Levels

β‐Amyloid may accumulate in the human brain after focal bacterial infection: An 18F‐flutemetamol positron emission tomography study

The effects of potassium and muscle homogenate on proprioceptive responses in crayfish and crab

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β‐Amyloid may accumulate in the human brain after focal bacterial infection: An ¹⁸F‐flutemetamol positron emission tomography study