High False-positive Rate of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Rapid Serum Screening in a Predominantly Hispanic Prenatal Population

Zacharias, Nikolaos; Athanassaki, Ioanna; Sangi‐Haghpeykar, Haleh; Gardner, Michael O.

doi:10.1038/sj.jp.7211184

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Similar phenomena have been noted in certain populations of Hispanic origin and in regions where malaria is endemic 22,23. There is the possibility of a cross-reactive antigen yet to be discovered in this ethnic group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Expansion of HIV and syphilis into the Peruvian Amazon: a survey of four communities of an indigenous Amazonian ethnic group

Bartlett

Zavaleta

Fernández³

et al. 2008

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Summary Background In 2004, cases of HIV and syphilis were reported in an indigenous community in the Peruvian Amazon. This study sought to determine the prevalence of HIV and syphilis in four remote communities of the same indigenous ethnic group located further from an urban center than the original community, and to identify risk factors for HIV and syphilis transmission. Methods Rapid and confirmatory tests for HIV and syphilis were performed. A questionnaire elicited demographic information, risk factors for sexually transmitted infections, and knowledge/beliefs about HIV/AIDS. Results We collected 282 blood samples and conducted interviews with 281 (99.6%) participants. The confirmed syphilis prevalence rate was 3.2% (9/282; 3.7% (5/135) for men and 2.7% (4/147) for women). The confirmed HIV prevalence rate was 0.7% (2/282), with both infections in men who had sex with men (MSM). Self-reported MSM activity was 39.7%. There was poor knowledge about HIV infection, transmission, and prevention, and low acceptance of known prevention methods. Conclusions HIV and syphilis are now prevalent in remote Amazonian communities of an indigenous group in Peru. Expansion of the HIV epidemic into the Amazon requires an urgent public health response.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Expansion of HIV and syphilis into the Peruvian Amazon: a survey of four communities of an indigenous Amazonian ethnic group

Bartlett

Zavaleta

Fernández³

et al. 2008

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…The number of positive sera of voluntary blood donors by ELISA which were confirmed by WB in our study (11 of the 2439 samples, 0.45%) is significantly smaller than the number reported by Sheikh et al and Zacharias et al 11,12 Our ELISA HIV-Ab false-positive rate was much higher than those of Scheikh and colleagues and Zacharia and colleagues. We believe that the reasons for this difference are our different screening strategy and screened populations.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

The false-positive and false-negative predictive value of HIV antibody test in the Chinese population

et al. 2008

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“…False‐positive serological results in pregnant women are a well‐known phenomenon in Rubella, Zika, and HIV infections . Therefore, it is very relevant that the pregnant women had a lower prevalence compared with the blood donors, confirming the specificity of the Wantai test in this particular population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Risk factors and seroprevalence of hepatitis E evaluated in frozen‐serum samples (2002‐2003) of pregnant women compared with female blood donors in a Southern region of Brazil

Hardtke

Rocco

Ogata

et al. 2018

Journal of Medical Virology

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Hepatitis E has always been related to morbidity in pregnant women. Its epidemiology is not well understood in Brazil. Therefore, we tested sera from 209 pregnant women and 199 female blood donors, collected at a single center in Curitiba, Brazil. The Wantai assay was used for testing the anti-hepatitis E virus (anti-HEV), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and an in-house polymerase chain reaction process for testing HEV RNA. Anti-HEV was detected in 22.5% of the total group, 19% in the pregnant women group, and 26% in the blood donor group (P = 0.11), a much higher prevalence when compared with other studies in Brazil. Demographical analysis showed that 92.4% were born in the South Region of Brazil, 4.9% in the Southeast, and 2.7% were distributed over other regions of the country. With respect to their origin, 99% were from the South, 0.7% from the Southeast, and 0.2% from the Central-West regions. Income, education, race, number of pregnancies, and abortion did differ significantly when comparing both the groups (P < 0.001). Age >30 (P = 0.012) and the number (>3) of pregnancies (P = 0.008) were related to anti-HEV positivity. All anti-HEV IgG-positive females were HEV RNA negative. In conclusion, HEV positivity was found in one out of five young women, which showed an urgent need for further epidemiological studies in Brazil.

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High False-positive Rate of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Rapid Serum Screening in a Predominantly Hispanic Prenatal Population

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

Expansion of HIV and syphilis into the Peruvian Amazon: a survey of four communities of an indigenous Amazonian ethnic group

Expansion of HIV and syphilis into the Peruvian Amazon: a survey of four communities of an indigenous Amazonian ethnic group

The false-positive and false-negative predictive value of HIV antibody test in the Chinese population

Risk factors and seroprevalence of hepatitis E evaluated in frozen‐serum samples (2002‐2003) of pregnant women compared with female blood donors in a Southern region of Brazil

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