High‐fat diet and fructose drink introduced after weaning rats, induces a better human obesity model than very high‐fat diet

Abstract

In the present study, we associated a high-fat diet (HF group: 45% kcal from lipids) or very high-fat (VHF group: 60% kcal from lipids) diet with a fructose drink (10% fructose) for hydration. Normal rat chow that received the control diet (content 16.3% kcal from lipid-AIN93G) and water. The treatments were introduced soon after weaning and were administered for 70 days. We aimed to compare HF and VHF groups and find which acts as a better model mimicking human obesity. Body mass gain, final body weight, adipocyte area in inguinal depots, visceral and subcutaneous adipose depots, serum triacylglycerol, and VLDL-c were all higher in the HF group, followed by the VHF group, compared to the C group. Only the HF group showed hyperinsulinemia and hyperleptinemia and higher total caloric intake, Lee index, HOMA2-IR, and total cholesterol. Serum TNFα and IL-6 levels were lower in the HF and VHF groups than in the C group at the end for 70 days. In Summary, the HF (45%) diet administered with fructose induced a higher similarity of metabolic and hormonal alterations associated with human obesity. Practical applicationsHigh intake of lipids with sugary drinks has been associated with obesity and its comorbidities. Although a diet with 45% or 60% of lipids is considered hyperlipidic, they are different in their effects on eating behavior and also probably from a metabolic point of view. Common sense is that the reduction in intake of lipids is favorable to health. Our study shows that this is not wholly true, and this information contributes to the guidelines for the treatment of obesity. In addition, the scientific literature on the subject has shown the most diverse results and also the use of experimental models with few similarities with human obesity. Our findings can contribute as a good model of obesity initiated during childhood to investigate possible using nutritional strategies, or the adoption of ergogenic nutritional resources in future studies, for example. K E Y W O R D S fructose, hypercaloric/hyperlipidic diet, insulin, leptin, obesity How to cite this article: Lima TDR, Voltarelli FA, Freire LS, et al. High-fat diet and fructose drink introduced after weaning rats, induces a better human obesity model than very high-fat diet.

Unripe banana flour ( Musa cavendishii ) promotes increased hypothalamic antioxidant activity, reduced caloric intake, and abdominal fat accumulation in rats on a high‐fat diet

“…Studies in rodents have shown that high‐fat diets can provide striking characteristics of human obesity, such as hyperphagia, accumulation of abdominal adipose tissue, development of NAFLD, cardiovascular diseases, and impairments in bone formation (Alsina et al, 2016; de Souza et al, 2021; Harrat et al, 2019; Natal & Ribeiro, 2016). It is noteworthy that all these effects seem to be more damaging when using a high‐fat diet, reaching more than 60% of this macronutrient (Kolahdouzi et al, 2019; Lima et al, 2021; O'Neill & Raggi, 2020; Parry & Hodson, 2017; Retterstøl et al, 2018).…”