High Fat Diet- Induced Neurotoxicity Alters Following vitamin E and C Administration in Hippocampus of Male Rats

Salehi, Iraj; Saidijam, Massoud; Vahidinia, Aliasghar; Sohrabi, Maryam; Asl, Sara Soleimani

doi:10.5812/gct.58383

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Our results showed low levels of plasma NPY in restraint stress group given AT compared to control group I. A study conducted by Salehi et al 18 showe d similar results that used high fat diet to induce oxidative stress that was later ameliorated by administration of AT and AA in combination. In this study combination of two antioxidants was used because AA potentiates the action of AT when used in combination, by recycling the radical of AT to protect the cell membranes from lipid peroxidation caused by accumulation of ROS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Thereby antioxidants reduce neuronal toxicity by sparing action on neuronal cell membranes and secretion. 18 Similar results were noticed by Hounsom et al 19 who found depleted plasma NPY levels in rats deficient in alpha-tocopherol compared to control group. Another study conducted on mice given AT in fish oil showed improved cognitive functions and maintenance of NPY mRNA in the brain.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

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Comparative effects of Alpha Tocopherol and Ascorbic Acid on Chronic Stress Induced Neuropeptide Y Derangements

Zainab

Munir²,

Ilahi³

et al. 2020

JIMDC

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Background: Chronic stress decreases resilience of the body mainly due to hormonal imbalance. Neuropeptide Y-ergic system is abnormally regulated in chronic stress due to reduction-oxidation imbalance. The antioxidants such as alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid reduce this imbalance with positive effect on neuropeptide Y synthesis and release. This study was aimed to compare the protective effects of alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid on plasma neuropeptide Y levels in chronic stress.Material and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was done at Al-Nafees Medical College in collaboration with National Institute of Health Islamabad from January 2015 to January 2016 after taking institutional approval. Sixty male Sprague Dawley rats were obtained and divided equally into four groups; group I (control), group II (restraint stress group - chronic restraint stress six hours daily for 28 days), group III (restraint stress + alpha-tocopherol 50mg/kg body weight /day), and group IV (restraint stress + ascorbic acid 100mg /kg body weight /day). Cardiac puncture was done to obtain blood for biochemical analysis.Results: A significant decrease in plasma neuropeptide Y levels was seen in group II compared to group I, group III and group IV. However, alpha-tocopherol administration in group III showed positive effects on maintenance of plasma neuropeptide Y concentration with better p trend than that of ascorbic acid supplementation in group IV.Conclusions: Alpha-tocopherol supplementation has more potent effect than that of ascorbic acid on chronic restraint stress induced derangements in neuropeptide Y levels. It leads to less imbalance in neuropeptide Y levels during chronic stress.Key words: Ascorbic Acid, Alpha-Tocopherol, Chronic Stress, Neuropeptide Y

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Comparative effects of Alpha Tocopherol and Ascorbic Acid on Chronic Stress Induced Neuropeptide Y Derangements

Zainab

Munir²,

Ilahi³

et al. 2020

JIMDC

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“…Supplementation using a combination of vitamin E and selenium decreased TBARS and improved the activity of antioxidative enzymes as well as the GSH level in the brains of rats poisoned with glucocorticoid [108]. A study conducted on rats receiving a high-fat diet for 9 months revealed impairment of spatial memory and increased mortality of hippocampal cells [172]. However, when such diet was enriched with the addition of vitamins C and E, a protective effect of the latter on nerve cells was observed [172].…”

Section: Vitamins and Provitaminsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study conducted on rats receiving a high-fat diet for 9 months revealed impairment of spatial memory and increased mortality of hippocampal cells [172]. However, when such diet was enriched with the addition of vitamins C and E, a protective effect of the latter on nerve cells was observed [172].…”

Section: Vitamins and Provitaminsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Dietary Antioxidants in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Their Impact on Cerebral Oxidoreductive Balance

et al. 2020

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Neurodegenerative diseases are progressive diseases of the nervous system that lead to neuron loss or functional disorders. Neurodegenerative diseases require long-term, sometimes life-long pharmacological treatment, which increases the risk of adverse effects and a negative impact of pharmaceuticals on the patients' general condition. One of the main problems related to the treatment of this type of condition is the limited ability to deliver drugs to the brain due to their poor solubility, low bioavailability, and the effects of the blood-brain barrier. Given the above, one of the main objectives of contemporary scientific research focuses on the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. As disorders related to the competence of the antioxidative system are a marker in all diseases of this type, the primary prophylactics should entail the use of exogenous antioxidants, particularly ones that can be used over extended periods, regardless of the patient's age, and that are easily available, e.g., as part of a diet or as diet supplements. The paper analyzes the significance of the oxidoreductive balance in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Based on information published globally in the last 10 years, an analysis is also provided with regard to the impact of exogenous antioxidants on brain functions with respect to the prevention of this type of diseases.

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“… (a) Kata et al, (b) Wang et al, (c) Ma et al, (d) Miedema et al, (e) Seker et al, (f) Kang et al, (g) Salehi et al, (i) Tanaka et al, (j) Husain et al …”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Unfolding the pleiotropic facades of rosuvastatin in therapeutic intervention of myriads of neurodegenerative disorders

Husain

Khan

et al. 2018

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, commonly known as statins, are the drugs of choice for the pharmacotherapy of hyperlipidemia as well as for reducing atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk. 1 Statins inhibit the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme and therefore suppress the conversion of HMG-CoA into mevalonate-the first step in cholesterol biosynthesis. Following this step, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol synthesis is lowered in hepatocytes, which consequently leads to a reduced blood cholesterol level. Despite this long known potent lipid-lowering effect, statins also possess lipid-independent pharmacological effects or pleiotropic effects. 2 Recently, there has been an increased interest in evaluating the potential use of statins for treating numerous neurological disorders. 3,4 Several pre-clinical and clinical trials substantiate the neuroprotective effect of statins in a plethora of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, spinal cord injury, depression, cognitive dysfunction, and stroke. 3-6 Possible reasons behind the neuroprotective effect of statins may be attributed to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-excitotoxicity activities. 7 Interestingly, of all the statins, rosuvastatin is comparatively the most potent. It exhibits greater affinity for the active site of HMG-CoA reductase as evident in STELLAR, DISCOVERY and the Discovery Belux studies. 8 Although statins contain both hydrophilic and lipophilic moieties, the hydrophilic nature of rosuvastatin is more prominent. 9 Rosuvastatin possesses an atypical N-methyl N-linked sulphonamide moiety along with a wholly substituted pyrimidine nucleus. Further, X-ray crystallography studies have revealed that rosuvastatin had the most number of protein-ligand interactions when compared to any other member of this family (Figure 1). 10 It is metabolized slowly by hepatic enzymes, particularly CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 and its duration of action and plasma half-life are higher than any other statin. 11 Escalating evidence suggests that rosuvastatin, apart from its hypolipidaemic effects, exerts multiple beneficial pleiotropic immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-excitotoxic actions. 12 These pleiotropic, cholesterol-independent effects include increase in endothelial NO synthase (NOS) and tissue-type plasminogen Summary Rosuvastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, and one of the most popular antihyperlipidemic medications have been found to possess pharmacodynamic activities much different from its usual indication. Recent research studies have revealed the efficacy of rosuvastatin in attenuating neuroinflammation, reducing the progression of Alzheimer's disease, providing protection against cerebral ischaemia and spinal cord injury as well as ameliorating epilepsy.Mechanisms behind the neuroprotective potential of rosuvastatin can be attributed to its pleiotropic effects, independent of its abili...

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High Fat Diet- Induced Neurotoxicity Alters Following vitamin E and C Administration in Hippocampus of Male Rats

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

Comparative effects of Alpha Tocopherol and Ascorbic Acid on Chronic Stress Induced Neuropeptide Y Derangements

Comparative effects of Alpha Tocopherol and Ascorbic Acid on Chronic Stress Induced Neuropeptide Y Derangements

The Role of Dietary Antioxidants in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Their Impact on Cerebral Oxidoreductive Balance

Unfolding the pleiotropic facades of rosuvastatin in therapeutic intervention of myriads of neurodegenerative disorders

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