High Fat, High Sugar Diet and DJOS Bariatric Surgery Influence Plasma Levels of Fetuin-B, Growth Differentiation Factor-15, and Pentraxin 3 in Diet-Induced Obese Sprague–Dawley Rats

Abstract

The liver plays a central role in glucose and fatty acid metabolism and acts as an endocrine organ that secretes hepatokines with diverse systemic effects. The study aimed to examine the influence of duodenojejunal omega switch (DJOS) bariatric surgery in combination with different diets on glucose administration parameters and hepatokines levels. After 8 weeks on high fat, high sugar diet (HFS) or control diets (CD), Sprague–Dawley rats underwent DJOS or SHAM (control) surgery. For the next 8 weeks after the surgery, half of DJOS and SHAM-operated animals were kept on the same diet as before, and half had a diet change. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed three times: 8 weeks before and 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. Fetuin-B, growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), pentraxin 3 (PTX3) plasma levels were analyzed. DJOS surgery had a beneficial effect on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results and the area under the curve (AUCOGTT). The OGTT results depended on the time elapsed after the surgery, the type of diet used, the surgery performed, and the interaction between these factors. DJOS bariatric surgery reduced fetuin-B and GDF15 plasma levels. Interaction between the type of surgery performed and diet used influenced the fetuin-B and PTX-3 plasma levels. A dietary regime is essential to achieve therapeutic and clinical goals after bariatric surgery.

Sugar-Rich Food Intake Is Negatively Associated with Plasma Pentraxin 3 Levels

“…29 In an animal study, oral glucose tolerance test revealed that rats had low plasma PTX3 levels with abnormal glucose metabolism after being loaded with high fat and sugar. 30 In our previous study, we showed a significant positive relationship between the protein expression of PTX3 and glycosyltransferase 4, a cellular glucose transporter. 31 These animal studies suggested that PTX3 levels are sensitive to changes in glucose metabolism.…”

Duodenojejunal Omega Switch Surgery Reduces Oxidative Stress Induced by Cafeteria Diet in Sprague-Dawley Rats

“…Oxidative stress in rats fed a high-fat diet also increases their glucose intolerance and insulin resistance [ 27 , 28 ]. Our previous studies in the same animal model reported that cafeteria diet impairs glucose metabolism and induces obesity, oxidative stress, and liver fat accumulation [ 11 , 29 ]. In the present study, we observed that the cafeteria diet induced significant disturbances in the antioxidant and lipid peroxidation markers in obese rats subjected to bariatric surgery.…”

Combination therapy with Hordeum vulgare, Elettaria cardamomum, and Cicer arietinum exhibited anti-diabetic potential through modulation of oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines

“…The animals were fed with a high fat high sugar diet (HFHSD) comprising fats (45%) sugar (29.4%), protein (20%), and carbohydrates (35%) for a period of 12 weeks to induce obesity. A group of rats designated as normal control was given a standard pellet diet having composition; sugar (10.8%), proteins (24%), fat (4.9%), crude ashes (7 %), and crude fiber (4.7 %) for the same period [ 21 ]. All the animals had free access to diet and water ad libitum.…”