High feeding and growth rates in common octopus (Octopus vulgaris ) fed formulated feeds with an improved amino acid profile and mixture of binders

Abstract

Four semi‐moist formulated feeds were supplied to Octopus vulgaris subadults (664 ± 70 g; 18.4 ± 0.7°C) in two different experiments. In the experiment #1, two diets were prepared with a new mixture of binders (gelatine 150 g kg−1, starch 100 g kg−1 and gum 50 g kg−1). The GEL15‐Squid and GEL15‐Hake feeds included 100 g kg−1 freeze‐dried squid (Todarodes sagittatus) or hake (Merluccius sp.) respectively. Both feeds showed low water disintegration rates at 24 h (13.6–15.0% dry weight). The specific feeding rate was higher in animals fed GEL15‐Hake (2.7%BW day−1), but the growth and feed efficiency were significantly better in animals fed GEL15‐Squid (1.4%BW day−1 and 61.2% respectively; P < 0.05). The proximate composition of the digestive gland, carcass and whole animals was similar. In the experiment #2, the GEL15‐Squid amino acid profile was improved by replacing 50 g kg−1 gelatine by 50 g kg−1 freeze‐dried squid (GEL10‐Squid) or freeze‐dried fish (GEL10‐Fish). These feeds showed higher water disintegration rates (31.7–36.3% dry weight). The feeding rates (2.2–2.3%BW day−1), growth (1.5%BW day−1) and feed efficiency were similar for both diets. Total lipids were higher in the digestive gland and whole animals fed GEL10‐Fish diet (P < 0.05). Future effort could be directed towards alternative binders that allow improve amino acid balance with a minimum gelatine content or even supplementation trials including essential amino acids.

Soybean lecithin dietary supplementation inOctopus vulgarisformulated feeds: Growth, feed efficiency, digestibility and nutritional composition

“…However, recent low‐lipid formulated feeds have reached higher efficiency percentages (61%–73%; Cerezo Valverde & García García, ; Cerezo Valverde et al, ). In addition, the time‐related FE reduction also reported in other studies (Celdrán Sancho et al, ; Cerezo Valverde & García García, ) could be related with an upper conversion in smaller animals, associated with greater metabolic efficiency, compared with bigger octopuses.…”

Successful rearing of common octopus (Octopus vulgaris ) fed a formulated feed in an offshore cage

“…The unavailability of juveniles obtained in captivity and the lack of formulated feeds have been established as the main drawbacks for the development of cephalopod aquaculture (Iglesias & Fuentes, ; Sánchez, Cerezo Valverde, & García García, ). However, in the last decade, the format, the nutritional composition and the formulation of feeds have been improved (Cerezo Valverde, Hernández, Aguado‐Giménez, & García García, ; Estefanell, Roo, Guirao, Afonso, et al, ; Martínez‐Montaño et al, ; Morillo‐Velarde, Cerezo Valverde, Hernández, Aguado‐Gimenez, & García García, ; Querol et al, ; Rodríguez‐González, Cerezo Valverde, Sykes, & García García, ) and, recently, studies that have offered good results at laboratory scale have been published (Cerezo Valverde & García García, ; Martínez et al, ). For large‐scale production, the availability of a low‐cost feed is essential.…”

“…In the present study, a 76‐day ongrowing cycle of sub‐adult common octopus ( Octopus vulgaris ) was carried out in an offshore cage, using a formulated feed. The formulation and elaboration of the feed (GEL10‐Fish), which was mainly based on freeze‐dried raw materials and binders, were previously detailed in Cerezo Valverde and García García (). The proximal composition of the specific feed batch for this test (Table ) was analysed (AOAC, ).…”

“…Feed supplied: Fs (kg) corresponding to feed supplied to OFS group and feed ingested by LAB group. The loss of feed stability was calculated according to Cerezo Valverde and García García (). The water disintegration rate (WDR, % dry matter loss) was determined in three samples of feed after soaking in water for 24 hr.…”

Performance of Marine Lecithin Supplemented Feeds for the Common Octopus (Octopus vulgaris) Ongrowing: Changes in Proximate Composition and Lipid Classes’ Profile

“…The first attempt in the development of formulated feeds for the common octopus tested moist diets made by mixing a fish or crustacean paste with binders [2][3][4][5]. Then, dry ingredients (freeze-dried or conventional meals) were included in semi-moist [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] or pelleted diets [14][15][16]. O. vulgaris preferably chose low-temperature processed feeds [11,12] and either rejected or showed low performance when fed other high-temperature processed ones [14][15][16].…”