High Fiber Fat and Protein Contents Lead to Increased Satiety Reduced Sweet Cravings and Decreased Gastrointestinal Symptoms Independently of Anthropometric Hormonal and Metabolic Factors

Ohlsson, Bodil; Darwiche, Gassan; Roth, Bodil; Bengtsson, Mariette; Höglund, Peter

doi:10.4172/2155-6156.1000733

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…nausea were significantly reduced compared with baseline, and the mean scores for diarrhea and bloating were further improved. No correlations were seen between symptoms and improvements of anthropometric, hormonal, or metabolic parameters (31). The health concepts physical functioning, general health, vitality, social functioning, and mental health were improved throughout the study (30).…”

Section: Subjective Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The levels of the orexigenic hormone ghrelin were decreased at 16 weeks after the intervention had ceased (Table IV). Satiety was not correlated with any hormones, except an inverse correlation with GIP at week 28 (rs=-0.450, P=0.041) (31).…”

Section: Subjective Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…However, after another 16 weeks, VAS scores of sweet craving correlated with leptin levels (rs=0.458, P=0.037), weight (rs=0.426, P=0.048), BMI (rs=0.651, P=0.001), and waist circumference (rs=0.565, P=0.006). No other anthropometric, hormonal, or metabolic parameters correlated with the overall sensations of satiety and sweet craving measured in VAS scales (31).…”

Section: Subjective Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Furthermore, the participants scored their sweet craving as less during and after the dietary intervention in comparison to baseline (P=0.002), without correlations with any metabolic or endocrine changes at week 12 (31). However, after another 16 weeks, VAS scores of sweet craving correlated with leptin levels (rs=0.458, P=0.037), weight (rs=0.426, P=0.048), BMI (rs=0.651, P=0.001), and waist circumference (rs=0.565, P=0.006).…”

Section: Subjective Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…No refined sugar or sweetener was used, but instead natural sweet foods like prunes, pears, and occasionally honey. syndrome (VAS-IBS), and satiety and sweet craving measured by two separate visual analog scales (VAS), were completed at baseline, and after 12 and 28 weeks (31). At all the time points, the participants met a nutritionist and completed a food diary during the intervention.…”

Section: Sweets and Desertsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Okinawan‑based Nordic diet improves glucose and lipid metabolism in health and type 2 diabetes, in alignment with changes in the endocrine profile, whereas zonulin levels are elevated (Review)

Ohlsson

2019

Exp Ther Med

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The Okinawan-based Nordic diet has been developed to improve glucose metabolism. The aim of the present study was to summarize all anthropometric, subjective, and biochemical findings obtained following two different studies investigating this diet. The diet was administered i) as a single breakfast to healthy volunteers and ii) as a 12-week dietary intervention to patients with type 2 diabetes. The degree of satiety, sweet cravings, gastrointestinal symptoms, and health-related quality of life were estimated. Weight and blood pressures of participants were measured, and analyses including circulating levels of inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers, hormones, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and microbial diversity and amount of Enterobacteriaceae in feces, were performed. A single breakfast of the diet increased satiety (P<0.001), improved glucose homeostasis (P<0.001), and lowered levels of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) (P=0.002), compared with a standard breakfast. A 12-week intervention in type 2 diabetes increased satiety and decreased sweet cravings, at the same time as health-related quality of life and gastrointestinal symptoms were improved. There were reductions in body mass index (P<0.001), waist circumference (P<0.001), and levels of glucose (P<0.001), cholesterol (P<0.001), and triglycerides (P=0.009), in alignment with the endocrine profile. These improvements were maintained at follow-up 16 weeks later, along with lower levels of ghrelin (P=0.012), polypeptide YY (P=0.002), and visfatin (P=0.021), compared with the parameters recorded at the study start. Levels of haptoglobin, interleukin-18 and thrombocytes were lowered, whereas some other inflammatory biomarkers were unaffected and zonulin levels elevated. Gut microbiota and SCFAs levels were mainly unaffected. The mechanisms governing the anthropometric and metabolic improvements appear to be mediated through alterations in the endocrine profile, yet not in the gut microbiota.

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Section: Subjective Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Subjective Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Subjective Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Subjective Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Sweets and Desertsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

An Okinawan‑based Nordic diet improves glucose and lipid metabolism in health and type 2 diabetes, in alignment with changes in the endocrine profile, whereas zonulin levels are elevated (Review)

Ohlsson

2019

Exp Ther Med

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Effect of Ethiopian Orthodox fasting practice on appetite hormones and β-cell function of diabetic patients and healthy subjects.

Michael

Baye

2022

Preprint

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Background: Dietary pattern such as energy restriction, abstinence from animal products and consumption of vegetarian diet was seen in free living Ethiopian Orthodox followers. However, little is known about its effect on appetite hormones, insulin sensitivities and β-cell function of diabetic patients and healthy subjects. MethodA prospective cohort study design was conducted from February 27 to April 30, 2019 among 46 healthy subjects and 52 diabetic patients. Pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic characteristics, physical activities and information about fasting regime. Measurements were taken at two time points: at week 0 and week 8. ELISA analyzer were used for measuring hormones activities. The presence of any changes from the baseline was evaluated using the t-test, and the presence of any correlation was evaluated using multiple linear regression. Results: Vegan diet practice and energy restriction significantly lower body weight (p=0.004/0.041) and BMI (p=0.014/0.006), glucagon (p<0.0001, p=0.001), leptin (p=0.002, p=0.046 significantly changed in diabetic and healthy subject respectively. Insulin (p=0.002) increased significantly in diabetic patients while insulin (p=0.003) significantly decreased in healthy subjects. The concentration of ghrelin (p=0.030) increased significantly in diabetic but insignificantly (p=0.135) in healthy subjects compared to non-fasting. Insulin sensitivities and β-cell function significant improved in diabetic patients.Conclusion Simultaneous consumption of vegan diet and energy restriction in Lenten fasting improved body weight, BMI, blood pressure, activities of appetite hormones, insulin sensitivities and β-cell function. As a result, fasting practice is recommended as effective non-medicinal treatment option for prevention/treatment of chronic diseases.

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Alignments of endocrine, anthropometric, and metabolic parameters in type 2 diabetes after intervention with an Okinawa-based Nordic diet

Ohlsson

Darwiche

Roth

et al. 2018

Food & Nutrition Research

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BackgroundAn Okinawa-based Nordic diet with moderately low carbohydrate content and high fat and protein content has been shown to improve anthropometry and metabolism in type 2 diabetes.ObjectiveThe objectives of this study were to measure plasma or serum levels of hormones regulating energy metabolism and metabolic control, that is, cholecystokinin (CCK), Cortisol, C-peptide, ghrelin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), insulin, leptin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), polypeptide YY (PYY), resistin, and visfatin after this diet intervention, and to determine partial correlations between hormonal levels and anthropometric and metabolic responses.DesignA total of 30 patients (17 women) with type 2 diabetes, mean age 57.5 ± 8.2 years, and body mass index (BMI) 29.9 ± 4.1 kg/m2 were served the diet for 12 weeks. Fasting hormones were measured by Luminex and enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before study start and after 12 and 28 weeks, along with anthropometric and metabolic parameters.ResultThe levels of CCK (P = 0.005), cortisol (P = 0.015), C-peptide (P = 0.022), glucagon (P = 0.003), GLP-1 (P = 0.013), GIP (P < 0.001), insulin (P = 0.004), leptin (P < 0.001), and PYY (P < 0.001) were lowered after dietary intervention. These reduced levels only remained for PYY at week 28 (P = 0.002), when also ghrelin (P = 0.012) and visfatin (P = 0.021) levels were reduced. Changes of glucose values correlated with changed levels of C-peptide and PYY (P < 0.001), insulin (P = 0.002), and PAI-1 (P = 0.009); changes of triglyceride values with changed levels of C-peptide, insulin, and PYY (P < 0.001) and PAI-1 (P = 0.005); changes of insulin resistance with changes of leptin levels (P = 0.003); and changes of BMI values with changed levels of C-peptide, insulin, and leptin (P < 0.001).ConclusionsOkinawa-based Nordic diet in type 2 diabetes has significant impact on the endocrine profile, which correlates with anthropometric and metabolic improvements.

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High Fiber Fat and Protein Contents Lead to Increased Satiety Reduced Sweet Cravings and Decreased Gastrointestinal Symptoms Independently of Anthropometric Hormonal and Metabolic Factors

Cited by 7 publications

References 45 publications

An Okinawan‑based Nordic diet improves glucose and lipid metabolism in health and type 2 diabetes, in alignment with changes in the endocrine profile, whereas zonulin levels are elevated (Review)

An Okinawan‑based Nordic diet improves glucose and lipid metabolism in health and type 2 diabetes, in alignment with changes in the endocrine profile, whereas zonulin levels are elevated (Review)

Effect of Ethiopian Orthodox fasting practice on appetite hormones and β-cell function of diabetic patients and healthy subjects.

Alignments of endocrine, anthropometric, and metabolic parameters in type 2 diabetes after intervention with an Okinawa-based Nordic diet

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