High-Field Characterization of Piezoelectric and Magnetostrictive Actuators

Pomirleanu, Radu; Giurgiutiu, Victor

doi:10.1177/1045389x04039133

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…This is the case, in particular, for piezoelectric stack actuators that show a pronounced nonlinear displacement-voltage relationship. To accommodate nonlinearities present at high regime, a phenomenological modelling, based on experiments curve fitting (cubic regression) approach was proposed in [28]. Later, a combination of the theory of electro-elasticity [29] and an experimentally identified Preisach model that takes into account the nonlocal (macroscopic) memory of the piezoceramic was suggested [6].…”

Section: Actuator Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field-dependent nonlinear piezoelectricity: a focused review

Benjeddou

2018

International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials

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This contribution presents a multidisciplinary review of the so-called field-dependent nonlinear piezoelectricity. It starts with an introduction that poses the literature analysis framework, through defining this operational (that is often met in practice) piezoelectric field-dependent nonlinearity. Indeed, the latter is a less known phenomenon although it is inherent to stress-free actuation responses of corresponding smart materials, actuators and structures. Then, related experimental observations from piezoelectric materials, actuator devices and smart structures tests are multidisciplinary surveyed for understanding the underlying mechanisms of the encountered field-dependent nonlinearity. Next, empirical material and numerical structural modelling and simulation approaches are critically reviewed from, respectively, the constitutive and finite element analysis points of view. Summary conclusions and few future directions for research are finally provided as a closure. It is worth mentioning that, although it is concise (retains only experiments and experimentally-correlated models and simulations), this critical review covers the last three decades period which is almost the whole age of the piezoelectric materials, actuators and smart structures research field.

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Section: Actuator Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field-dependent nonlinear piezoelectricity: a focused review

Benjeddou

2018

International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials

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“…Therefore, investigation into the impact of different active material stacks on the performance of hybrid hydraulic actuator systems becomes important. There have been several studies that compared the bulk material properties -mechanical and electrical -of different active materials (Pan et al, 2000;Zhao and Zhang, 1996;Pomirleanu and Giurgiutiu, 2004). Studies into a comprehensive comparison of these active materials from an application point of view have been few (Janocha et al, 1994;Ellison, 2004;Damjanovic and Newnham, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Piezoelectric, Magnetostrictive, and Electrostrictive Hybrid Hydraulic Actuators

John

Sirohi

Wang³

et al. 2007

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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In recent years, active material driven actuators have been widely researched for potential applications in the fields of aerospace, automotive, and civil engineering. While most of these active materials, such as piezoelectric, magnetostrictive, and electrostrictive materials, have high force and bandwidth capabilities, they are limited in stroke. In combination with hydraulic systems, the field-dependent motion of these materials can be amplified to produce high force, high stroke actuators. In a hybrid hydraulic pump, the motion of an active material is used to pressurize a hydraulic fluid. Since the properties of active materials vary greatly in terms of free strain and block force, there is a need to identify the optimum active material for a particular application. This study compares four active materials, Lead—Zirconate—Titanate (PZT), Lead—Magnesium—Niobate (PMN), Terfenol-D and Galfenol, as the drivers of a hybrid hydraulic actuation system. The performance of each of these active materials has been evaluated in the same hydraulic actuator through systematic testing of the actuator while maintaining the same length and volume for each active material. In each case, the active material has a length of around 54 mm and a cross-sectional area of 25 mm2. Commonly used metrics such as output power and electromechanical efficiency are used for comparison. Of the four materials tested in this study, PMN presented the largest free strain (2000 με), while Galfenol presented the least (300 με). The highest no-load velocity is also exhibited by the PMN-based actuator (270 mm/s). The maximum output power obtained is 2.5 W for both PMN and Terfenol-D-based actuators while the highest electromechanical efficiency obtained is 7% for the PMN-based actuator.

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“…(3) In addition, the conformability to curved surface is extremely poor so as to require extra treatment of the surfaces. [11][12] [13] PWAS, 0.2-mm thick Substrate structure, 1-mm thick Bond layer Figure 2 PWAS is attached to a substrate structure through the adhesive bond layer, which is susceptible to environmental attacks…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Situ Fabrication of Composite Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring

Giurgiutiu

Lin

2004

Aerospace

Self Cite

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Structural health monitoring (SHM) is important for reducing maintenance costs while increasing safety and reliability. Traditionally, structural integrity tests required attachment of sensors to the material surface. This is often a burdensome and time-consuming task, especially considering the size and magnitude of the surfaces measured (such as aircraft, bridges, structural supports, etc.). Temporary sensors are a hassle to install; there are some critical applications where they simply cannot accomplish the task required. Piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) can be permanently attached to the structure and offer a permanent sensor solution. Existing ceramic PWAS, while fairly accurate when attached correctly to the substance, may not provide the long term durability required for SHM. The bonded interface between the PWAS and the structure is often the durability weak link. Better durability may be obtained from a built-in sensor that is incorporated into the material. This paper describes the work on the in-situ fabrication of PWAS using a piezoelectric composite approach. The piezoelectric composite was prepared by mixing small lead zirconate titanate (PZT) particles in an epoxy resin matrix; the mixture was then directly applied onto the surface of a host structure using a designed mask. The curing of the piezo composite was carried out at elevated temperature. After curing, the cured composite was sanded down to the desired thickness. Finally, the piezo composite was poled under a high electric field to activate the piezoelectric effect. The resulting in-situ composite PWAS was utilized as a sensor for dynamic vibration and impact. Characterization of the in-situ composite PWAS on aluminum structure have been recorded and compared with ceramic PWAS before and after polarization. To evaluate the performance of the in-situ composite PWAS, both vibration and impact tests were conducted. In-situ composite PWAS are believed to be a good candidate for reliable low-cost sensor fabrication for SHM.

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High-Field Characterization of Piezoelectric and Magnetostrictive Actuators

Cited by 12 publications

References 50 publications

Field-dependent nonlinear piezoelectricity: a focused review

Field-dependent nonlinear piezoelectricity: a focused review

Comparison of Piezoelectric, Magnetostrictive, and Electrostrictive Hybrid Hydraulic Actuators

In-Situ Fabrication of Composite Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring

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