High frequency of BF mosaic genomes among HIV-1-infected children from Sao Paulo, Brazil

Oliveira, Cristina Mendes de; Almeida, Flávia Jacqueline; Rodrigues, Rosangela; Crozatti, Márcia Terezinha Lonardoni; Vazquez, Carla; Ferrão, Maria do Socorro Carneiro; Campeas, Alexandre Ely; Marques, Silvia Regina; Berezin, Eitan Naaman; Brígido, Luis Fernando de Macedo

doi:10.1007/s00705-008-0178-7

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The results presented confirmed that subtype B is still the main HIV-1 variant and concordant with data from other studies on adult and children populations from Brazil [24], [33], [34], [35]. The most remarkable observations in this study are that at least 38.1% of the 42 patients with proviral DNA sequences are infected with HIV-1 BF1 recombinant variants, which is relatively much higher if compared to earlier studies on children and adolescent patients in Brazil [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38]. This difference is not surprising, because small fragments from different regions of HIV genomes were characterized in the previous studies while we used larger overlapped fragments to sequence the full-length genome, which undoubtedly provides efficient discrimination of HIV subtypes and the recombinant forms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Variability of HIV-1 Genomes among Children and Adolescents from São Paulo, Brazil

et al. 2013

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BackgroundGenetic variability is a major feature of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and considered the key factor to frustrating efforts to halt the virus epidemic. In this study, we aimed to investigate the genetic variability of HIV-1 strains among children and adolescents born from 1992 to 2009 in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil.MethodologyPlasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected from 51 HIV-1-positive children and adolescents on ART followed between September 1992 and July 2009. After extraction, the genetic materials were used in a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the viral near full length genomes (NFLGs) from 5 overlapped fragments. NFLGs and partial amplicons were directly sequenced and data were phylogenetically inferred.ResultsOf the 51 samples studied, the NFLGs and partial fragments of HIV-1 from 42 PBMCs and 25 plasma were successfully subtyped. Results based on proviral DNA revealed that 22 (52.4%) patients were infected with subtype B, 16 (38.1%) were infected with BF1 mosaic variants and 4 (9.5%) were infected with sub-subtype F1. All the BF1 recombinants were unique and distinct from any previously identified unique or circulating recombinant forms in South America. Evidence of dual infections was detected in 3 patients coinfected with the same or distinct HIV-1 subtypes. Ten of the 31 (32.2%) and 12 of the 21 (57.1%) subjects with recovered proviral and plasma, respectively, protease sequences were infected with major mutants resistant to protease inhibitors. The V3 sequences of 14 patients with available sequences from PBMC/or plasma were predicted to be R5-tropic virus except for two patients who harbored an X4 strain.ConclusionsThe high proportion of HIV-1 BF1 recombinant, coinfection rate and vertical transmission in Brazil merits urgent attention and effective measures to reduce the transmission of HIV among spouses and sex partners.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Variability of HIV-1 Genomes among Children and Adolescents from São Paulo, Brazil

et al. 2013

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“…Previous studies from this geographic region have analyzed either env and gag or PR and RT genes [Stefani et al, 2000;Cerqueira et al, 2004;Pereira et al, 2004Pereira et al, , 2006Stefani et al, 2007;Véras et al, 2007;Cardoso et al, 2009]. In this study, as more HIV-1 genes were analyzed, a higher rate of subtype B and F1 recombinant viruses was observed, similar to what has been described in other reports [Guimarã es et al, 2002;Oliveira et al, 2008]. The combined env, gag, PR and RT data presented here show that recombination between subtypes B and F1 occurs frequently in central west Brazil and that these recombinant viruses have been disseminating among heterosexual couples.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

HIV‐1 primary and secondary antiretroviral drug resistance and genetic diversity among pregnant women from central Brazil

Cardoso

Pereira

Viegas

et al. 2010

Journal of Medical Virology

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Antiretroviral (ARV) resistance mutations in HIV-1 may reduce the efficacy of prophylactic therapy to mother-to-child transmission and impact future treatment options. ARV resistance mutations and HIV-1 phylogenetic diversity in protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) genes were assessed among 77 pregnant women (35 naïve, 42 treated with ARV) from Goiânia/Goiás, central west Brazil. ARV mutations in PR/RT genes were analyzed against the Stanford Database, PR/RT HIV-1 subtypes were assigned by phylogenetic analysis and env/gag subtypes were identified by heteroduplex mobility analysis (HMA). Naïve patients had accessory mutations in the PR gene [A71T (1/6), L10V (2/6), L10I (3/6)] and in the RT gene [V118I (2/6), V179D (1/6), V106I (1/6), K101Q (1/6), H221Y (1/6)]. Seven patients (16.7%) under ARV presented drug resistance mutations, one of them to three ARV classes. Most isolates (67.5%) were subtype B, 11.7% subtype F1 and 3.9% subtype C. Recombinant B(PR)/F1(RT) viruses represented 10.4% while F1(PR)/B(RT) viruses made up 6.5%. HIV-1 envgag/PRRT genes were identified as 66.2% subtype B, 3.9% subtype C, 6.5% subtype F1 and approximately 25% B and F1 viruses. HIV-1 genetic diversity in envgag/PRRT genes indicates the spread and dissemination of BF1 recombinant viruses among a significant proportion of patients from central west Brazil. Moreover, discovery of HIV-1 secondary resistance among a considerable number of pregnant women under ARV therapy indicates the importance of genotypic testing during pregnancy for optimal prophylactic intervention. J. Med. Virol. 82:351-357, 2010. (c) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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“…In the present work, the prevalence of mutations associated with resistance in PI class, was similar to that found in previous studies. 17 , 21 , 27 , 31 Although only LPV/r and NFV have been used in this population, we observed minor mutations conferring cross-resistance to all antiretroviral drugs in this class, which impairs their use as salvage therapy. 27 , 32…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Virological suppression in children and adolescents is not influenced by genotyping, but depends on optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy

Abreu

Vaz

Netto

et al. 2017

The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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High frequency of BF mosaic genomes among HIV-1-infected children from Sao Paulo, Brazil

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Variability of HIV-1 Genomes among Children and Adolescents from São Paulo, Brazil

Variability of HIV-1 Genomes among Children and Adolescents from São Paulo, Brazil

HIV‐1 primary and secondary antiretroviral drug resistance and genetic diversity among pregnant women from central Brazil

Virological suppression in children and adolescents is not influenced by genotyping, but depends on optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy

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