High Frequency Pressure Monitoring and Data Analytics for Stimulation Efficiency Determination: New Perspectives or Potential Limits

Korkin, Roman; Parkhonyuk, Sergey; Fedorov, Andrey; Badazhkov, Dmitry; Kabannik, Artem

doi:10.2118/199762-ms

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Water hammer, a sudden pressure pulsation occurring upon pump shutdown, propagates along the wellbore and interacts with fractures or other downhole events [12][13][14]. These interactions alter the pressure signal feature, conveying valuable subsurface information that can be identified using water hammer diagnostics [3,[15][16][17]. The attenuation of the water hammer signal is an important feature to reflect the complexity of fractures, while the water hammer oscillation time is an intuitive manifestation of attenuation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The correlation between water hammer decay and the scale of the fracture network was demonstrated in the research conducted by the aforementioned scholars. In field applications, water hammer diagnosis is extensively utilized for evaluating diversion effectiveness [3,4,16,[22][23][24][25][26]. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether the oscillation time is associated with diversion effectiveness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oscillation Times in Water Hammer Signatures: New Insights for the Evaluation of Diversion Effectiveness in Field Cases

Liu,

Yue,

Wang

et al. 2024

Processes

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Diversion is a crucial technique for effectively improving shale reservoir production by creating more complex fracture networks. Evaluating diversion effectiveness is necessary to optimize the parameters in hydraulic fracturing. Water hammer diagnostics, an emerging fracturing diagnosis technique, evaluate diversion effectiveness by analyzing water hammer signals. The water hammer attenuation, as indicated by the oscillation time, correlates with the complexity of fracture networks. However, it remains unclear whether the oscillation time is associated with diversion effectiveness. This paper elucidates the relationship between the water hammer oscillation time and diversion effectiveness by taking the probability of diversion and the treating pressure response as the evaluation criteria. Initially, a high-frequency pressure sensor was installed at the wellhead to sample the water hammer signals. Next, the oscillation times were determined using the feature extraction method. Simultaneously, the probability of diversion and the treating pressure response were calculated using the cepstrum error function and treating pressure curve, respectively. Then, the relationship between the oscillation time and diversion effectiveness was analyzed. Finally, a rapid judgment method for evaluating diversion effectiveness based on the water hammer oscillation time was proposed. The results indicated a negative correlation between the probability of diversion and the oscillation time, with higher probabilities resulting in lower oscillation times. The oscillation times exhibited a negative correlation with the treating pressure response, including the treating pressure increases and diversion pressure spikes, wherein a greater pressure differential led to lower oscillation times. Drawing from the statistics of a shale gas horizontal well in Sichuan, a better diversion effectiveness is associated with fewer oscillations, demonstrating a negative correlation between the diversion effectiveness and the oscillation time in water hammer signatures. Finally, a rapid judgment method for evaluating diversion effectiveness was proposed, utilizing the 95% confidence interval of the mean oscillation time. This paper offers useful insights into evaluating diversion performance in field cases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oscillation Times in Water Hammer Signatures: New Insights for the Evaluation of Diversion Effectiveness in Field Cases

Liu,

Yue,

Wang

et al. 2024

Processes

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Outside the Box: Innovative Application of Diversion as a Replacement for Bridge Plug

Chen¹,

Yang³

et al. 2021

SPE Middle East Oil &Amp; Gas Show and Conference

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Effective stage-to-stage isolation is typically accomplished by setting a bridge plug in a properly cemented casing between stages. This isolation plays a vital role in a horizontal well multistage fracturing completion. Failure of isolation not only impacts the well productivity but also wastes fracturing materials. The challenges isolation failure poses for stimulation effectiveness include both detection and remediation. First, there has been historically no reliable and cost-effective solution to detect stage-to-stage isolation onsite. One may only start to realize this problem when inconsistent production is observed. Second, existing remedial actions are seldom satisfying in case of an isolation failure. Most commonly, a new plug is set to replace the failed one. However, because the perforation clusters of an unstimulated stage may create irregularities in well inside diameter (ID) (e.g., casing deformation or burr), there is a risk that the plug will be damaged or become stuck when it passes the perforation area. Also, when the plug passes a perforation cluster, the perforations start to take in the pump-down fluid, which can increase the difficulty of the pump-down job. A novel remedial action uses high-frequency pressure monitoring (HFPM) and diversion to solve both challenges. The stage isolation integrity is evaluated in quasi-real time by analyzing the water hammer after the pump shutdown. In the case of a plug failure, large-particle fracture diversion materials and techniques can establish temporary wellbore isolation through a quick and simple delivery process. To close the cycle, the effect of the diversion can be evaluated by HFPM, which can reveal the fluid entry point of the treatment fluid after diversion. The technique was applied to two cases in Ordos basin in which wellbore isolation failure interrupted the operation. The problem identification, development of the solution workflow, and observation from treatment analysis are discussed. In both cases, the stage-to-stage isolation was recovered, and the drilled sand body was successfully stimulated without involving costly and time-consuming well intervention. The stimulation operation of the entire well was successfully resumed in a timely manner.

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Identification of Potential Candidate's Wells for Workover

Okon

Appah

2021

Day 2 Tue, August 03, 2021

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To maximize production from mature fields, it is essential to identify candidate's wells that are not producing up to their potential. Performing periodic interventions or workovers in wells is an established approach for arresting production decline and maximizing production from the fields. However, for mature fields with large well counts, the process of determining the best candidates for well interventions can be complicated and tedious. This can result in less-than-optimal outcomes. Advanced data analytics modeling offers quick and easy access to important information. The main objective of this study is to identify potential candidate wells for workover operation ahead of time so that we can fix them before they become problem. This was achieved via principal component analysis with the aid of XLSTAT in Excel. In this study, we developed a model based on PCA to quickly identify and rank the workover candidate's wells. The dataset used in this project comprises of 66 oil wells and were obtained from a field operating in the Niger Delta. The first step involved data gathering and validation and uploading into XLSTAT software. Data preprocessing procedures were conducted to condition the dataset so as to give optimum performance during model development. A model was built to identify potential wells for workover operation. The results obtained here showed that the wells are separated to areas designated as (A to E). Wells found in area A indicated that they are potential candidates for workover operation. Wells found in area B showed that they are not under immediate danger, but attention would be needed to monitor and prevent increasing water and gas rates in the future. Wells found in area C indicated that they required immediate attention to prevent further decline in oil production. Likewise, wells found in Area D indicated that they also required immediate attention to prevent further decline in oil production. Finally, Wells found in Area E showed that they have highest oil production, lowest water production and moderate gas production, indicating normal condition with no immediate workover operation required. With advanced data analytics modeling, reservoir engineers or geoscientists will now see a bigger picture either field by field or reservoir by reservoir and quicky identify potential candidate wells for workover operation ahead of time before they become a problem. Hence, the results of the analysis can help us to better target wells that are potential candidates for high water cut, high WOR, High gas rates and low oil rates.

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High Frequency Pressure Monitoring and Data Analytics for Stimulation Efficiency Determination: New Perspectives or Potential Limits

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Oscillation Times in Water Hammer Signatures: New Insights for the Evaluation of Diversion Effectiveness in Field Cases

Oscillation Times in Water Hammer Signatures: New Insights for the Evaluation of Diversion Effectiveness in Field Cases

Outside the Box: Innovative Application of Diversion as a Replacement for Bridge Plug

Identification of Potential Candidate's Wells for Workover

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