High frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic over the medial cerebellum induces a shift in the prefrontal electroencephalography gamma spectrum: a pilot study in humans

Schutter, Dennis J.L.G.; Honk, Jack van; d'Alfonso, Alfredo A.L; Peper, Jiska S.; Panksepp, Jaak

doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(02)01077-7

Cited by 92 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Even though recent findings show that physiological responses can be obtained at stimulation intensities well below the motor threshold [17,49], higher intensities than the currently applied stimulation of 45% machine output which corresponds to~80% MT in the present sample, may have had more pronounced effects on mood and EEG ratios. However, findings from a recent study show that intensities as low as 60% MT are sufficient enough to evoke EEG responses in superficial nerve tissue of the primary motor cortex, suggesting that intensities well below the neural excitation threshold can have significant physiological effects [49].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

“…TMS utilizes magnetic fields to get electrical currents in the brain and influence neuronal activity. In a previous study, we applied high-frequency repetitive TMS (rTMS) over the medial cerebellum to facilitate cerebellar function and found elevations in mood and changes in frontal electric activity [17]. Interestingly, electrophysiological studies that addressed the functional relationships between the different frequency bandwidths of the human electroencephalogram (EEG) suggest that elevated ratios of slow and fast brain wave oscillations recorded over the frontal midline indicate impaired emotion regulation [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Cerebellum in Emotion Regulation: A Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study

2008

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Several lines of evidence suggest that the cerebellum may play a role in the regulation of emotion. The aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that inhibition of cerebellar function using slow repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) would lead to increased negative mood as a result of impaired emotion regulation. In a randomized counterbalanced within-subjects design, 12 healthy young right-handed volunteers received 20 min of cerebellar, occipital, or sham 1 Hz rTMS on three separate days. Mood state inventories were acquired prior to and immediately after rTMS and after an emotion regulation task (ERT). In the ERT, participants were instructed to either look at aversive and neutral scenes, or to suppress the negative feelings experienced while watching aversive scenes during which the electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded. Results showing no changes in baseline-corrected mood were observed immediately after rTMS. However, significant increases in baseline-corrected negative mood following the ERT were reported after cerebellar rTMS exclusively. No effects on the EEG during the ERT were observed. These findings provide support for the view that the cerebellum is implicated in the regulation of emotion and mood, and concur with evidence of cerebellar abnormalities observed in disorders associated with emotion dysregulation. In order to clarify the underlying biological mechanisms involved, more research is needed.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cerebellum in Emotion Regulation: A Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study

2008

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“…Interestingly, in a recent patient study TMS was applied over the cerebellum and support was provided for dysfunctional cerebello-cortical connectivity in schizophrenia (36). Furthermore, in another study it was shown that twenty minutes of cerebellar TMS in healthy volunteers modified neuroelectric recordings over the prefrontal cortex and increased positive mood and alertness (37). These data concur with animal studies wherein activation of the mesencephalic reticular formation through cerebellar stimulation resulting in cortical arousal and alertness (38).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

The cerebellum on the rise in human emotion

2005

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For decennia the cerebellum has largely been excluded from scientific enquiry beyond motor function. However, the intimate afferent and efferent connections to the midbrain and limbic system provide for the neuroanatomical foundation of cerebellar involvement in emotion and emotional disorders. Moreover, an increasing body of empirical evidence indicates that the cerebellum may be involved in emotion regulation. Both functional and structural abnormalities of the cerebellum have been demonstrated in emotional disorders, including depression and schizophrenia. Research shows that the functional repertoire of the cerebellum is broader than previously thought and its involvement in emotion is noteworthy.

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“…For example, medial frontal gamma-band activity (30-50 Hz) can be induced via transcranial magnetic stimulation of the cerebellum in humans (Schutter, van Honk, d'Alfonso, Peper, & Panksepp, 2003), and via electrical stimulation of the hippocampus in rats (Izaki, Nomura, & Akema, 2003;Izaki, Takita, Nomura, & Akema, 2002). Medial frontal oscillations are also synchronized with coherent activity in the ventral tegmental area (Hernandez-Gonzalez, Navarro-Meza, Prieto-Beracoechea, & Guevara, 2005) and basal forebrain structures (Lin, Gervasoni, & Nicolelis, 2006).…”

Section: Phase-amplitude Coupling In the Medial Frontal Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oscillatory Activity and Phase–Amplitude Coupling in the Human Medial Frontal Cortex during Decision Making

Cohen

Elger

Fell

2008

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

204

158

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Abstract& Electroencephalogram oscillations recorded both within and over the medial frontal cortex have been linked to a range of cognitive functions, including positive and negative feedback processing. Medial frontal oscillatory characteristics during decision making remain largely unknown. Here, we examined oscillatory activity of the human medial frontal cortex recorded while subjects played a competitive decision-making game. Distinct patterns of power and cross-trial phase coherence in multiple frequency bands were observed during different decision-related processes (e.g., feedback anticipation vs. feedback processing). Decision and feedback processing were accompanied by a broadband increase in cross-trial phase coherence at around 220 msec, and dynamic fluctuations in power. Feedback anticipation was accompanied by a shift in the power spectrum from relatively lower (delta and theta) to higher (alpha and beta) power. Power and cross-trial phase coherence were greater following losses compared to wins in theta, alpha, and beta frequency bands, but were greater following wins compared to losses in the delta band. Finally, we found that oscillation power in alpha and beta frequency bands were synchronized with the phase of delta and theta oscillations (''phase-amplitude coupling''). This synchronization differed between losses and wins, suggesting that phaseamplitude coupling might reflect a mechanism of feedback valence coding in the medial frontal cortex. Our findings link medial frontal oscillations to decision making, with relations among activity in different frequency bands suggesting a phaseutilizing coding of feedback valence information. &

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High frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic over the medial cerebellum induces a shift in the prefrontal electroencephalography gamma spectrum: a pilot study in humans

Cited by 92 publications

References 17 publications

The Cerebellum in Emotion Regulation: A Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study

The Cerebellum in Emotion Regulation: A Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study

The cerebellum on the rise in human emotion

Oscillatory Activity and Phase–Amplitude Coupling in the Human Medial Frontal Cortex during Decision Making

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