High genetic diversity with moderate differentiation in Juniperus excelsa from Lebanon and the eastern Mediterranean region

Douaihy, Bouchra; Vendramin, Giovanni G.; Boratyński, Adam; Machon, Nathalie; Kharrat, Magda Bou Dagher

doi:10.1093/aobpla/plr003

Cited by 46 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The fragmentation of habitats suitable for J. thurifera Romo and Boratyński 2005;Gastón González 2006;DeSoto et al 2010;Rhanem 2010;Olano et al 2012) has altered not only genetic structure, but also phenotypic variation of the species (Santos et al 1999; compare e.g. Douaihy et al 2011Douaihy et al , 2012. The pattern of morphological differentiation of compared populations can be interpreted as support for the hypothesis of migration of the species (or its ancestor) from the North and colonisation of the Iberian Peninsula and Africa during Miocene climate cooling (Barbero et al 1994;Jiménez et al 2003).…”

Section: Geographic Structure Of Morphological Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 93%

Morphological differentiation supports the genetic pattern of the geographic structure of Juniperus thurifera (Cupressaceae)

et al. 2013

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Juniperus thurifera is an important component of woodland communities of dry sites within the West Mediterranean region and is characterised by a strongly disjunctive geographic range. Two subspecies were recognised, subsp. thurifera in Europe and subsp. africana in Africa. The aim of the study was the comparison of phenetic diversity to the pattern of AFLP geographic differentiation of the species described in the literature. The examination of phenetic diversity was based on the biometrical analysis of 17 populations using 12 morphological characters of cone and seed. The differences among populations were analysed using Student's t test, analysis of discrimination, UPGMA agglomeration and hierarchical analysis of variance. The majority of morphological characters differentiated at a statistically significant level between populations and between J. thurifera subsp. thurifera and subsp. africana. Three groups of populations were detected using multivariate statistical analyses. The first, well separated, is subsp. africana, while the following two concern subsp. thurifera.The morphological differentiation of populations appeared similar to that described on the AFLP. The Gibraltar Straight appeared to be the most important barrier.

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Section: Geographic Structure Of Morphological Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 93%

Morphological differentiation supports the genetic pattern of the geographic structure of Juniperus thurifera (Cupressaceae)

et al. 2013

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“…Comparisons with other studies are difficult since genetic diversity depends on numerous factors, such as life history, breeding system, growth life forms, geographical range and even the type of molecular method used (Powell et al 1996;Nybom 2004). In spite of these complications, if we compare the results of studies for other mediterranean conifers (Terrab et al 2006;Douaihy et al 2011;Dzialuk et al 2011) T. articulata is not genetically impoverished. These genetic diversity values should be considered with caution.…”

Section: Genetic Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure of Tetraclinis articulata, an endangered conifer of the western Mediterranean basin

Sánchez-Gómez¹,

Jiménez²,

Vera³

et al. 2013

Silva Fenn.

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(2013). Genetic structure of Tetraclinis articulata, an endangered conifer of the western Mediterranean basin. Silva Fennica vol. 45 no. 5 article id 1073. 14 p. Highlights• The employment of ISSR molecular markers has shown moderate genetic diversity and high genetic differentiation in Tetraclinis articulata.• Genetic structure of populations seems to be influenced by the anthropogenic use of this species since historical times, or alternatively, by the complex palaeogeographic history of the Mediterranean basin.• Results could be used to propose management policies for conservation of populations. AbstractTetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Masters is a tree distributed throughout the western Mediterranean basin. It is included in the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) red list, and protected by law in several of the countries where it grows. In this study we examined the genetic diversity and genetic structure of 14 populations of T. articulata in its whole geographic range using ISSR (inter simple sequence repeat) markers. T. articulata showed moderate genetic diversity at intrapopulation level and high genetic differentiation. The distribution of genetic diversity among populations did not exhibit a linear pattern related to geographic distances, since all analyses (principal coordinate analysis, Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean dendrogram and Bayesian structure analysis) revealed that spanish population grouped with Malta and Tunisia populations. Although it is possible that T. articulata earlier was natural in Southeast Spain, results suggest that the current population has been reintroduced into the Iberian Peninsula in historical times, due to its utility in mining and building. In addition, results could be used to propose management guidelines for the conservation of T. articulata.

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“…However, a particular set of life-history traits that are found in tree species enable them to keep high within-population genetic diversity (Petit and Hampe 2006). High genetic diversity was observed in other coniferous species from the East Mediterranean (Dagher-Kharrat et al 2007;Douaihy et al 2011;Sobierajska 2012) and from the Mediterranean in general (Terrab et al 2007;Boratyński et al 2009;Liepelt et al 2010;Dzialuk et al 2011;Boratyński et al 2014). Higher levels of genetic variability observed in East Mediterranean species compared with West Mediterranean species is believed to be related to the relatively more stable palaeoenvironmental conditions prevailing in the eastern part of the region during the last glacial cycle (Fady and Conord 2010).…”

Section: Genetic Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Large deforestations in Lebanon began in ancient times when Lebanese forests supplied timber to Egypt (Talhouk et al 2001). More recently, Cilician fir forests became highly fragmented in Lebanon due to the logging that occurred during World Wars I and II and the expansion of agricultural activity, both of which have resulted in the degradation of the populations of most tree species in that region (Talhouk et al 2001;Fady et al 2008;Douaihy et al 2011;Awad et al 2014).…”

Section: Genetic Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of geographic range discontinuity on species differentiation—East-Mediterranean Abies cilicica: a case study

Sękiewicz

Dering

Sękiewicz

et al. 2014

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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In the present study, a genetic analysis of nuclear microsatellites was conducted in Abies cilicica populations growing in West Taurus, East Taurus, and Lebanon mountains to obtain evidence for significant genetic differentiation. Despite range fragmentation, all examined populations tended to maintain a relatively high level of genetic diversity (H E = 0.724) and showed moderate genetic differentiation (F ST = 0.134) that is frequently noted in Mediterranean tree species. However, significant inbreeding, bottleneck effect, and low effective population sizes were detected, that may negatively affect species genetic resources. Bayesian clustering revealed three distinct groups, "West Taurus", "East Taurus," and "Lebanon", which reflect geographic structure of the species natural range. Minor genetic admixture between Lebanese and East Taurus populations of A. cilicica was found, but no genetic admixture between Lebanese populations and West Taurus. We argue that significant genetic differentiation discovered among areas of species occurrence is probably due to the effect of long-lasting genetic isolation that started in that region along with the Pleistocene climatic alternation and was further enhanced with human-induced deforestations.

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High genetic diversity with moderate differentiation in Juniperus excelsa from Lebanon and the eastern Mediterranean region

Cited by 46 publications

References 75 publications

Morphological differentiation supports the genetic pattern of the geographic structure of Juniperus thurifera (Cupressaceae)

Morphological differentiation supports the genetic pattern of the geographic structure of Juniperus thurifera (Cupressaceae)

Genetic structure of Tetraclinis articulata, an endangered conifer of the western Mediterranean basin

Effect of geographic range discontinuity on species differentiation—East-Mediterranean Abies cilicica: a case study

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