High Grain Diet Triggers Inflammation in the Goat Uterus: A Comprehensive Regulation Diet Modulates the Immune Response

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to explore the causal association between the increase in circulating subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA)-induced lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels and uterine inflammation; moreover this study sought to evaluate the role of a comprehensive regulation diet in combating the inflammatory effects of a high grain diet. Twelve dairy goats were randomly assigned to two groups. One group was provided a high-concentrate buffered diet as the comprehensive regulation group (RG) control while, only a high concentrate powdered diet was fed to the treatment group (TG). The LPS concentrations in the rumen fluid were 428702±34505.6 and 255027±39756.2 EU/mL, in the TG and RG goats, respectively, while, the LPS levels in the peripheral plasma were 0.032±0.003 and 0.012±0.003 EU/mL in the TG and RG goats, respectively. The concentration of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 was significantly higher, and there was enhanced expression of the inflammatory genes TLR4, MyD88, TRAF-6, NF-κB, IL-1β and IL-6 in the uteri of TG goats. SARA increased the NF-κB expression and level of its phosphorylated form in TG goats. The uteri of TG goats showed higher mRNA levels of proinflammatory genes than the RG goats, indicating the presence of inflammation. Thus, SARA-induced LPS derived from a high concentrate diet triggers inflammation in the goat uterus by reinforcing TLR4 signaling.

Effect of high-concentrate corn grain diet-induced elevated ruminal lipopolysaccharide levels on dairy cow liver function

“…Importantly, increased peripheral blood LPS levels could be observed when the endotoxin inflow into the liver exceeds the hepatic detoxification capacity [ 12 , 17 ]. In addition, it has been reported that a high-concentrate diet-triggered increase in ruminal LPS concentration induces inflammatory gene expression in the uterus of cows [ 5 ] and goats [ 6 ]. The uterine inflammation-induced intrauterine LPS production was also reported to accumulate in the follicular fluid [ 14 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Ruminal Acidosis Part II: Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment

“…Sodium butyrate (NaB) is used as an anti-inflammatory agent to prevent SARA (Bilal et al, 2017). NaB supplement administration evokes the reduction of LPS and pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations (Aabdin et al, 2018).…”

Effect of a novel polymorphism of the LF and TLR4 genes on milk yield and milk compositions in dairy goats

“…LF associates with protein content and milk acidity (Guo et al, 2010) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) could be used for marker assisted selection on mastitis susceptibility (Ateya et al, 2016). Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is located on the cell surface and initiates innate immune responses (Bilal et al, 2017). TLR4 gene is located at chromosome 8 (NC_030815.1) in goats.…”