High hydrostatic pressure treatments trigger de novo carotenoid biosynthesis in papaya fruit (Carica papaya cv. Maradol)

Using High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing Come-Up Time as an Innovative Tool to Induce the Biosynthesis of Free and Bound Phenolics in Whole Carrots

“…Although the immediate effect of pressurization on the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds has been unexplored, the results presented herein agree with a previous report in papaya, which demonstrated that pressure treatments (50-400 MPa for 3-60 min) triggers de novo carotenoid biosynthesis, which is regulated at the transcriptional level and associated by the authors to reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling in papaya tissue (Ramos-Parra et al 2019). This hypothesis is supported by the immediate increase in respiration rate (which generates ROS in Fig.…”

“…NTPTs such as ultrasound, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) processing, and pulsed electric fields change the cell membrane permeability, eliciting stress responses similar to those previously reported for wounding stress (Dörnenburg and Knorr 1997;Jacobo-Velázquez et al 2011López-Gámez et al 2020). The application of NTPTs such as ultrasound, pulsed electric fields, and high-pressure processing as abiotic elicitors to induce the secondary metabolism of plants has been previously evaluated in horticultural crops such as broccoli (Aguilar-Camacho et al 2019), lettuce (Yu et al 2016), carrots (Cuéllar-Villarreal et al 2016;López-Gámez et al 2020), papaya (Ramos-Parra et al 2019), mango (Ortega et al 2013), and strawberries (Kim et al 2017), among others.…”

“…In the specific case of HHP, it has been proposed that mild treatments (< 150 MPa) could act as abiotic elicitor in different plant cell cultures (Dörnenburg and Knorr 1997). This hypothesis has been demonstrated in tissues such as papaya, where the accumulation of carotenoids was induced in fruit treated at 50-400 MPa for 3-60 min (Ramos-Parra et al 2019). Likewise, Kim et al (2017) evaluated the enrichment of phenolics in harvested strawberries by high-pressure treatment; however, the authors only evaluated the immediate effect of pressurization at 30, 50, 70, and 90 MPa for 5 min at 25°C, without considering storage time where the biosynthesis of phenolics occurs as a late stress response (Jacobo-Velázquez et al 2017).…”

High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing of Whole Carrots: Effect of Static and Multi-Pulsed Mild Intensity Hydrostatic Pressure Treatments on Bioactive Compounds

“…The stress-responses in plant tissues can be divided as immediate and late stress responses [5,6,16]. In the specific case of HHP, immediate plant cell stress responses include: (1) increased extractability of bioactive compounds and increased biosynthesis due to HHP-induced enzyme activation, and (2) increased production of primary and secondary stress signaling molecules that activate the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites as a late stress response [6,7,10,[16][17][18][19][20][21]. In the specific case of phenolics, HHP generated increased quantification of free and bound phenolics in whole carrots, where a higher number of HHP pulses at 60 and 100 MPa generated higher levels of phenolics.…”

“…This can be explained by the difference in the chemical structure of carotenes and xanthophylls. Whereas xanthophylls have hydroxyl groups that allow their chemical interaction with macromolecules, carotenes are mainly in the free form [14,17,25]. Likewise, the main phenolic that increased was the 3,4-diFQA, which is a hydroxycinnamic acid attached to cell-wall components (i.e., lignin and cellulose) through hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bonding [3].…”