High Intake of Cruciferous Vegetables Reduces the Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers: Results from Observational Studies

Ren, Hongyan; Luu, Hung N.; Liu, Ying; Cheng, Hui; Xu, Guogang; Shu, Xiao‐Ou

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3416710

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“…In this sense, the consumption of Brassica greens has been associated with a reduced risk of the development of colorectal, stomach, pancreatic, lung, breast and ovarian cancer [2][3][4][5]. A recent meta-analysis from observational studies concluded that the high intake of Brassica vegetables was negatively correlated with gastrointestinal cancer risk [6]. Moreover, The World Cancer Research Fund has pointed out that diets rich in cruciferous vegetables particularly protect against colon, rectum and thyroid cancers [7].…”

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confidence: 99%

Antiproliferative Effect of Bioaccessible Fractions of Four Brassicaceae Microgreens on Human Colon Cancer Cells Linked to Their Phytochemical Composition

Fuente

López-García

Máñez³

et al. 2020

Antioxidants

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The antiproliferative effect of the bioaccessible fractions (BFs) of four hydroponic Brassicaceae microgreens (broccoli, kale, mustard and radish) was evaluated on colon cancer Caco-2 cells vs. normal colon CCD18-Co cells after 24 h treatment with BFs diluted 1:10 v/v in cell culture medium. Their bioactivity was compared with the digestion blank, while the colon cancer chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil was used as a positive control. Cell viability (mitochondrial enzyme activity assay (MTT test) and Trypan blue test) and mechanisms related to antiproliferative activity (cell cycle, apoptosis/necrosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, Ca2+ and glutathione (GSH) intracellular content) were studied. All microgreen BFs increased ROS and decreased GSH, altering the redox status and causing mitochondrial membrane dissipation followed by a general cell cycle arrest in G2/M and apoptotic cell death via a Ca2+-independent mechanism. As a result, the antioxidant bioactive compounds present in these microgreen species reduced the proliferation of tumoral cells (10 to 12.8% -MTT or 20 to 41.9% -Trypan blue), showing lesser effects with broccoli microgreens, in line with their lower ascorbic acid content and total antioxidant capacity. Therefore, the daily intake of microgreens within a balanced diet could be a preventive nutritional strategy to reduce the burden of chronic degenerative diseases such as colon cancer.

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