High Intake of Sodium Chloride for 28 Days Causes No Effect on Serum FGF23 Concentrations in Cats

Steffen, Carla; Kienzle, Ellen; Dobenecker, Britta

doi:10.3390/ani12223195

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 74 publications

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“…Urine was collected at several time points during the day with a maximum period in between of 12 h (overnight). Using thymol and paraffin is a reliable method to conserve the stability of urine pH over a period of at least 12 h, as demonstrated in in-house trials [75]. To ensure the reliability of the method, the pH of several fresh urine samples was measured and re-evaluated after 12 h of preservation.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

The Phosphate Additives Phosphoric Acid and Sodium Phosphate Lead to Hyperphosphatemia as well as Increased FGF23 and Renal Phosphate Excretion in Healthy Cats

2023

J Urol Ren Dis

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is an increasingly frequent disease in geriatric cats, representing the leading cause of death in this species. Reports about the increasing prevalence of CKD exist also in human medicine. The intake of nutrients, notably phosphorus, can affect renal health. Dietary supply with phosphate can influence concentrations of phosphate and factors of the phosphate homeostasis in blood and urine, possibly causing adverse health effects. Investigating nutritional factors involved in the cause and aggravation of kidney damage in more detail is of high importance not only for feline health. The cat is already successfully used as model for various human diseases which highlights its potential role as translational model for phosphate toxicity in humans. Effects of the food additives H 3 PO 4 and NaH 2 PO 4 on phosphorus homeostasis were investigated in comparison to a control diet. Adding these highly available phosphate additives to the diet of healthy cats for 28 days caused a significant increase in serum phosphate, calcium, and FGF23 as well as in renal phosphorus excretion. Consequently, the use of both phosphate additives in food processing needs to be critically re-evaluated due to the high availability of these sources and therefore their potential adverse health effects. With up to 80 % prevalence, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is one of the most common chronic diseases in geriatric cats [1,2], and represents the leading cause of death in this species [3]. Reports of the increasing prevalence of CKD in the last decades also exist in human medicine [4]. It has been shown in various species, including humans and cats, that the supply of nutrients, notably phosphorus, can affect renal health [5][6][7]. To investigate nutritional factors involved in cause and aggravation of kidney damage in more detail is therefore of high importance not only for feline health. The fact that the cat has been successfully used as a model for human diseases in several studies [8][9][10][11][12] supports its potential role as translational model for human medicine.

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Section: Sample Collection and Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

The Phosphate Additives Phosphoric Acid and Sodium Phosphate Lead to Hyperphosphatemia as well as Increased FGF23 and Renal Phosphate Excretion in Healthy Cats

2023

J Urol Ren Dis

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The Dietary Cation Anion Balance Exacerbates the Effects of Inorganic Phosphates on Parameters of Phosphate Metabolism in Cats

2024

JVHC

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Dietary intake of inorganic phosphates is linked to various adverse health effects. Excessive intake of highly soluble inorganic phosphates, which are used as feed and food additives, have been found to impair parameters of kidney health. As chronic kidney disease represents one of the most frequently occurring terminal diseases especially in cats, extensive knowledge regarding the safety of these additives is important. Other minerals, such as calcium, can modulate their effects on the phosphate homeostasis and kidney health. Therefore, it is crucial to examine further factors, such as the dietary cation-anion balance (CAB), resulting from the concentrations of major minerals in a diet. In this study, eleven healthy cats were fed a control diet and two diets with added sodium monophosphate (NaH2PO4) with either a low (-10 mmol/kg dry matter) or high (+450 mmol/kg dry matter) CAB for 28 days each. The serum concentrations of phosphate and parameters of phosphate homeostasis were determined in the fasting and postprandial blood samples next to the apparent digestibility and retention of phosphate and calcium. The diet with positive CAB led to an increase of serum phosphate and the phosphatonin FGF23, apparently digested phosphate, and phosphate retention. This is further proof that source and amount of phosphates in a diet are not the only determinants of the extent of potential adverse health effects. Until the interactions between inorganic phosphates and other dietary compounds are fully understood, recommendations regarding the safe use of phosphate containing additives in pet food are precarious.

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High Intake of Sodium Chloride for 28 Days Causes No Effect on Serum FGF23 Concentrations in Cats

Cited by 2 publications

References 74 publications

The Phosphate Additives Phosphoric Acid and Sodium Phosphate Lead to Hyperphosphatemia as well as Increased FGF23 and Renal Phosphate Excretion in Healthy Cats

The Phosphate Additives Phosphoric Acid and Sodium Phosphate Lead to Hyperphosphatemia as well as Increased FGF23 and Renal Phosphate Excretion in Healthy Cats

The Dietary Cation Anion Balance Exacerbates the Effects of Inorganic Phosphates on Parameters of Phosphate Metabolism in Cats

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