High-Intensity Interval Exercise: Methodological Considerations for Behavior Promotion From an Affective Perspective

Box, Allyson G.; Petruzzello, Steven J.

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.563785

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Most studies examining the affective benefits of exercise at various workloads were conducted with sedentary participants (Ekkekakis, 2009, Sudeck, Schmid & Conzelmann, 2016Box & Petruzzello, 2021). Laboratory research addressing this question provides favorable circumstances for associative (focus on the self) thinking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of 'last experience' on affect after exercise reaching the anaerobic threshold: A laboratory investigation

Laki¹,

Ihász

Vega³

et al. 2021

Cuad. psicol. deporte

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Los beneficios a nivel emocional de un solo período de entrenamiento han sido ampliamente estudiados, pero su efecto medido después del entrenamiento está influenciado por varios factores. Uno de ellos es la última experiencia vinculada a la sesión de entrenamiento. En este estudio de laboratorio se manipula, mediante el empleo de tareas cognitivas, el ejercicio progresivo en cinta de correr hasta alcanzar el umbral ventilatorio. Tanto durante como inmediatamente después del ejercicio se evalúa la respuesta afectiva y se compara con la línea basal previa al ejercicio. Se espera que las respuestas emocionales después del ejercicio reflejarán los estados afectivos asociados con la última experiencia (es decir, la tarea cognitiva), en lugar de con el ejercicio. Se evaluaron 53 atletas asignados al grupo experimental de ejercicio o al control sin ejercicio. Se midieron el estado afectivo positivo y negativo y la excitación percibida, tanto antes como después de la intervención. Los resultados revelaron mejoras sustanciales en el estado afectivo en ambos grupos, mostrando grandes tamaños del efecto. La falta de diferencia en las variables dependientes entre el grupo experimental y el control sugiere que ambos grupos respondieron de manera similar a la última experiencia, es decir a la tarea cognitiva, eliminando los efectos del ejercicio realizado. Las implicaciones de estos hallazgos son muy relevantes puesto que prueban que los resultados de los estudios realizados hasta el momento sobre los beneficios psicológicos de un solo período de ejercicio pueden no medir lo que pretenden, sino simplemente las respuestas afectivas y emocionales a la última experiencia o evento antes de responder el cuestionario que se suele aplicar. En resumen, la confiabilidad interna de estudios que emplean los protocolos pre- post en el análisis de la respuesta afectiva en condiciones de entrenamiento pueden ser cuestionable. The affective benefits of a single bout of exercise are widely reported, but the affect measured after exercise is influenced by several factors. One is the last experience linked to the exercise session. In this laboratory study we manipulated progressive treadmill exercise to ventilatory threshold by using cognitive tasks during and immediately after the exercise when we gauged affect and compared it to pre-exercise baseline. We assumed that the affective responses after exercise will mirror feeling states associated with the last experience (i.e., the cognitive task), rather than with exercise. We examined 53 athletes assigned to exercise or no-exercise control group. Positive and negative affect, feeling state, and perceived arousal were measured before and after intervention. The results revealed substantial improvements in affect in both groups, as based on large effects sizes. The lack of difference in the dependent measures between the exercise and no-exercise control group suggests that both groups responded to the same last experience (i.e. cognitive task) and the effects of exercise and/or sitting were wiped-out. The implication of these findings is that pre- to post-intervention exercise investigations testing the psychological benefits of a single bout of exercise may not measure what they intend to measure, but merely the affective responses to the last experience, or event before answering the questionnaire(s). In brief, the internal reliability of several studies employing the pre/post protocols may be questionable.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each PANAS item is rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (very much). A total score is then obtained for positive (5) and negative (5) items. The internal reliability of the PANAS was reported to be (Cronbach's alpha) .78 for positive affect and .76 for negative affect (Thompson, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%