High Irisin levels in nondiabetic <scp>HIV</scp>‐infected males are associated with insulin resistance, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and subclinical atherosclerosis

Moreno-Pérez, Óscar; Reyes-García, Rebeca; Muñóz-Torres, Manuel; Merino, Esperanza; Boix, Vicente; Reus, Sergio; Giner, Livia; Alfayate, Rocı́o; García-Fontana, Beatriz; Sánchez‐Paya, José; Picó, Antonio; Portilla, Joaquín

doi:10.1111/cen.13800

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Given the fact that treatment with exogenous irisin ameliorated hepatic I/R injury, the early increase in irisin may be an endogenous protective mechanism for I/R injury, which exhausted at later stages. Interestingly, recent studies found that high irisin levels were positively related to insulin resistance, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, subclinical atherosclerosis and associated with more severe NAFLD [29] , [30] . However, increasing evidence has shown that irisin increases energy expenditure, improves insulin resistance, reduces hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, inhibits hepatic cholesterol synthesis, and ameliorates atherosclerosis [11] , [23] , [31] , [32] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, increasing evidence has shown that irisin increases energy expenditure, improves insulin resistance, reduces hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, inhibits hepatic cholesterol synthesis, and ameliorates atherosclerosis [11] , [23] , [31] , [32] . The increased release of irisin under such conditions could reflect a response to deterioration or a compensatory increase to overcome an underlying insulin resistance, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease or subclinical atherosclerosis [29] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Irisin alleviates liver ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting excessive mitochondrial fission, promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and decreasing oxidative stress

et al. 2019

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Current management of liver ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is mainly based on supportive care and no specific treatment is available. Irisin, a recently identified hormone, plays pivotal roles in energy expenditure and oxidative metabolism; however, it remains unknown whether irisin has any protective effects on hepatic I/R injury. In this study, we found that serum and liver irisin levels were markedly decreased at 24 h after hepatic I/R. Treatment with exogenous irisin improved liver function, reduced liver necrosis and cell apoptosis, and relieved inflammatory response after hepatic I/R. Meanwhile, exogenous irisin markedly inhibited mitochondrial fission related protein dynamin related protein 1 (drp-1) and fission 1 (Fis-1) expression in hepatic I/R. Additionally, treatment with exogenous irisin increased mitochondrial content and increased mitochondrial biogenesis related peroxisome proliferative activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) co-activator 1α (PGC-1α) and mitochondrial transcription factor (TFAM) expression. Furthermore, irisin decreased oxidative stress by upregulating uncoupling proteins (UCP) 2 expression in hepatic I/R. The results reveal that treatment with exogenous irisin alleviated hepatic I/R injury by restraining mitochondrial fission, promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and relieving oxidative stress. Irisin treatment appears to be a novel and promising therapeutic approach for hepatic I/R injury.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irisin alleviates liver ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting excessive mitochondrial fission, promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and decreasing oxidative stress

et al. 2019

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“…Previous studies found a weak but significant positive association of circulating irisin with insulin resistance in non-diabetic subjects, 24 fasting blood glucose has been generally positively associated with irisin levels, 14 but acute changes in glucose or insulin levels, as during an OGTT, do not affect irisin levels. Ethnic variability might affect the association, since insulin sensitivity indices show an inverse association with irisin in non-diabetic people of Asiatic and American origin, 24 , 25 but a positive association was reported in a European study. 26 The present results showed the negative association between irisin level and insulin sensitivity indices in both non-diabetes subgroup and the whole study cohort, which was also supported by its positive association with insulin resistance as assessed by the insulin resistance index, these results were in accordance with the previous study in a non-diabetes population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

<p>Association of Circulating Irisin Levels with Adiposity and Glucose Metabolic Profiles in a Middle-Aged Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study</p>

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2020

DMSO

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Objective The myokine irisin has been proposed to affect obesity and metabolism disorders. However, data about the association of irisin with obesity and glucose metabolic status in humans remains controversial, and limited data are available concerning the Chinese population. This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum irisin concentrations and obesity, as well as glucose metabolic and cardiovascular factors in the middle-aged physical activity-matched Chinese Han race population. Methods A total of 740 participants were included in this cross-sectional study, who were divided into a normal weight (NW) group, overweight/obese (OB) group, normal weight type 2 diabetes (DM-NW) group and overweight/obese diabetes (DM-OB) group, and physical activity was evaluated and matched for the four groups. Circulating irisin levels were analyzed and compared among the groups with different adiposity and glucose status. Linear regression analysis was performed to test the relationship between serum irisin and adiposity indices, glucose metabolic and other cardiovascular risk factors. Results Circulating irisin levels were significantly correlated with higher levels of direct and indirect adiposity markers, including BMI, waist circumference and fat mass, and other cardiovascular risk factors, such as plasma triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (p < 0.01). Diabetes patients had lower irisin levels compared to non-diabetes participants, in either normal weight and obese group, resulting in a correlation of irisin with HbA1c, HOMA-IR and HOMA-IS (p < 0.01). Linear regression analysis demonstrated that irisin serum concentrations were independently associated with sex, BMI, HbA1c, HOMA-IR and HOMA-IS (R 2 = 0.465). Conclusion These data indicated that circulating irisin was affected by adiposity and glucose metabolism condition in the middle-aged Chinese population. The increase of irisin under conditions of obesity may indicate its physiological function to improve glucose tolerance which is often impaired in obese subjects, but this compensatory secretion of irisin seems likely to be progressing to a secretion failure once diabetes developed.

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“…As early as 2014, in a study of 192 European ancestry healthy people, it was found that irisin was positively correlated with the subjects’ carotid artery IMT ( 60 ). Moreover, a 25-year cohort study by Kwaniewska M ( 61 ) and a cross-sectional study of men with HIV infection ( 62 ) supported this result. In this regard, they explained that irisin may indirectly participate in the formation of atherosclerosis through fat or insulin ( 60 , 62 ).…”

Section: Irisin In Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 85%

“…As in non-obese subject, the serum irisin is mainly derived from muscle, while in the obese subject the proportion of fat source increases ( 63 ). Similar to the degrees of obesity, Moreno found that the high value of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) at baseline could also have a significant impact on the results, which could even count as an independent biomarker related to the thickness of the carotid artery IMT in patients ( 62 ). In a study based on a Japanese male population ( 64 ), the authors found that if cardiometabolic risk factors are taken into account, irisin had nothing to do with the prevalence of coronary artery calcification, but was related to progression.…”

Section: Irisin In Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Controversial Role of Irisin in Clinical Management of Coronary Heart Disease

Ou-Yang

Guo

et al. 2021

Front. Endocrinol.

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Irisin, a PGC1α-dependent myokine, was once believed to have beneficial effects induced by exercise. Since its first discovery of adipose browning in 2012, multiple studies have been trying to explore the metabolic functions of irisin, such as glucose and lipid metabolism. However, recently many studies with irisin concentration measuring were doubt for methodological problems, which may account for the continuous inconsistencies. New tools like recombinant irisin and gene-knockout mice are required to reconfirm the questioned functions of irisin. In this paper, we make a critical introduction to the latest researches concerning the relationship between irisin and coronary heart disease, which includes atherosclerosis, stable angina pectoris and acute coronary syndromes. These studies provided various controversial evidence of short and long-term monitoring and therapeutic effect from molecular cellular mechanisms, in vivo experiments and epidemiological investigation. But with ambiguities, irisin still has a long way to go to identify its functions in the clinical management.

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High Irisin levels in nondiabetic HIV‐infected males are associated with insulin resistance, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and subclinical atherosclerosis

Cited by 22 publications

References 34 publications

Irisin alleviates liver ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting excessive mitochondrial fission, promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and decreasing oxidative stress

Irisin alleviates liver ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting excessive mitochondrial fission, promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and decreasing oxidative stress

<p>Association of Circulating Irisin Levels with Adiposity and Glucose Metabolic Profiles in a Middle-Aged Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study</p>

The Controversial Role of Irisin in Clinical Management of Coronary Heart Disease

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