High Isoniazid Resistance Rates in Rifampicin Susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis Pulmonary Isolates from Pakistan

Fasih, Naima; Rafiq, Yasraba; Jabeen, Kauser; Hasan, Rumina

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050551

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Our results show a prevalence higher than what has been reported in Pakistan, 2.2%[27]; Chile, 2.2%; [28] Madagascar, 3.6%; [29] Taiwan, 5.1%; [8] Denmark, 3.6%; [30] Iran, 6.1%;[31] Israel, 6.4%;[32] Ethiopia, 7.4%; [33] Peru 8.2%;[34] and lower to reports from a tertiary hospital in Taiwan 10.9%. [35] Compared to global estimates, the prevalence of IMR in our study was similar to the upper level of the world estimate of 0.0 to 9.5%.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Isoniazid Mono-Resistant Tuberculosis: Impact on Treatment Outcome and Survival of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Southern Mexico 1995-2010

et al. 2016

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BackgroundIsoniazid mono-resistance (IMR) is the most common form of mono-resistance; its world prevalence is estimated to range between 0.0 to 9.5% globally. There is no consensus on how these patients should be treated.ObjectiveTo describe the impact of IMR tuberculosis (TB) on treatment outcome and survival among pulmonary TB patients treated under programmatic conditions in Orizaba, Veracruz, Mexico.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study of pulmonary TB patients in Southern Mexico. From 1995 to 2010 patients with acid-fast bacilli or culture proven Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples underwent epidemiological, clinical and microbiological evaluation. We included patients who harbored isoniazid mono-resistant (IMR) strains and patients with strains susceptible to isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and streptomycin. All patients were treated following Mexican TB Program guidelines. We performed annual follow-up to ascertain treatment outcome, recurrence, relapse and mortality.ResultsBetween 1995 and 2010 1,243 patients with pulmonary TB were recruited; 902/1,243 (72.57%) had drug susceptibility testing; 716 (79.38%) harbored pan-susceptible and 88 (9.75%) IMR strains. Having any contact with a person with TB (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)) 1.85, 95% Confidence interval (CI) 1.15–2.96) and homelessness (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.76, 95% CI 1.08–6.99) were associated with IMR. IMR patients had a higher probability of failure (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 12.35, 95% CI 3.38–45.15) and death due to TB among HIV negative patients (aHR 3.30. 95% CI 1.00–10.84). All the models were adjusted for socio-demographic and clinical variables.ConclusionsThe results from our study provide evidence that the standardized treatment schedule with first line drugs in new and previously treated cases with pulmonary TB and IMR produces a high frequency of treatment failure and death due to tuberculosis. We recommend re-evaluating the optimal schedule for patients harboring IMR. It is necessary to strengthen scientific research for the evaluation of alternative treatment schedules in similar settings.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Isoniazid Mono-Resistant Tuberculosis: Impact on Treatment Outcome and Survival of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Southern Mexico 1995-2010

et al. 2016

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“…In a study by Fasih et al in 2009-2011 on 7738 M. tuberculosis lung specimens in Pakistan, cultured in the Löwenstein-Jensen medium, it was found that the concurrent resistance to isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol was 1%, while resistance to isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and streptomycin was 1.7%. 10 The results of this study are similar to those of the current study, in which it was also found that co-levels of isoniazid and rifampin were 2%. In a study carried out by Tavanai Sani et al in 2012, 125 samples of positive TB in Mashhad were cultured and antibiogrammed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance to Isonicotinylhydrazide and Rifampicin in Culture Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients From 2014 to 2016 in Zahedan City, Iran

et al. 2019

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Background: One third of the world’s population is infected with TB, and the disease is known as the second deadly global infection, even more severe than measles. The disease kills about 2 million people a year. Approximately 8 million people in the world are affected by advanced tuberculosis (TB). Objective: The current study aimed to determine the frequency of resistance to the antibiotics isoniazid and rifampin in positive culture pulmonary TB patients in Zahedan city during 2013-2016. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study studied 100 samples from patients who referred to Boo-Ali hospital of Zahedan city from 2014 to 2016. First, the isoniazid solution was prepared, and then the rifampin solution was prepared. After that, 200 μL of mycobacterium suspension was added to the antibiotic and antibiotic-free control. Results: Of 100 patients participating in the study, 50 (50%) were male and 50 (50%) were female. Participants had an average age of 51.69 ± 20.41 years (95-12 years), 79 (79%) were Iranians and 21 (21%) were Afghans. Of the 100 samples, 55 (55%) were from the year 2013, 21 (21%) were from 2014, 10 (10%) were from 2015, and 14 (14%) were from year 2016. The samples examined showed that 4 (4%) were resistant and 96% were sensitive. Conclusion: The results of the current study showed that out of 100 samples, 4 cases (4%) had resistance and 96% were sensitive; 2% were resistant to isoniazid, and 2% were resistant to isoniazid and rifampin.

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“…On the other hand, 60–80% of INH resistance is due to a single mutation (S315T) in the katG gene at codon 315 [ 29 – 34 ], with the rest occurring in other genes, such as in the promoter region of inhA and in ahpC genes [ 35 – 37 ]. INH resistance, however, is not commonly used as an independent marker for MDR-TB [ 38 – 42 ]. From the compiled data, the target mutation sites selected for MDR-TB determination in this study are rpoB codons 531, 526 and 516 for the rpoB assay in the determination of RIF resistance, with one mutation type of interest for codon 531 (L), four for codon 526 (Y, R, D and L), and one for codon 516 (V) ( Table 1 ), with the highest statistical prevalence worldwide [ 17 , 18 , 23 – 28 , 43 – 47 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Molecular Detection of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis by PCR-Nucleic Acid Lateral Flow Immunoassay

et al. 2015

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Several existing molecular tests for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are limited by complexity and cost, hindering their widespread application. The objective of this proof of concept study was to develop a simple Nucleic Acid Lateral Flow (NALF) immunoassay as a potential diagnostic alternative, to complement conventional PCR, for the rapid molecular detection of MDR-TB. The NALF device was designed using antibodies for the indirect detection of labeled PCR amplification products. Multiplex PCR was optimized to permit the simultaneous detection of the drug resistant determining mutations in the 81-bp hot spot region of the rpoB gene (rifampicin resistance), while semi-nested PCR was optimized for the S315T mutation detection in the katG gene (isoniazid resistance). The amplification process additionally targeted a conserved region of the genes as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) DNA control. The optimized conditions were validated with the H37Rv wild-type (WT) Mtb isolate and Mtb isolates with known mutations (MT) within the rpoB and katG genes. Results indicate the correct identification of WT (drug susceptible) and MT (drug resistant) Mtb isolates, with the least limit of detection (LOD) being 104 genomic copies per PCR reaction. NALF is a simple, rapid and low-cost device suitable for low resource settings where conventional PCR is already employed on a regular basis. Moreover, the use of antibody-based NALF to target primer-labels, without the requirement for DNA hybridization, renders the device generic, which could easily be adapted for the molecular diagnosis of other infectious and non-infectious diseases requiring nucleic acid detection.

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High Isoniazid Resistance Rates in Rifampicin Susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis Pulmonary Isolates from Pakistan

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Isoniazid Mono-Resistant Tuberculosis: Impact on Treatment Outcome and Survival of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Southern Mexico 1995-2010

Isoniazid Mono-Resistant Tuberculosis: Impact on Treatment Outcome and Survival of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Southern Mexico 1995-2010

Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance to Isonicotinylhydrazide and Rifampicin in Culture Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients From 2014 to 2016 in Zahedan City, Iran

Rapid Molecular Detection of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis by PCR-Nucleic Acid Lateral Flow Immunoassay

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