High-level aminoglycoside resistance in Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium causing invasive infection: Twelve-year surveillance in the Minami Ibaraki Area

Osuka, Hanako; Nakajima, Jun; Oishi, Tsuyoshi; Funayama, Yasunori; Ebihara, Tadashi; Ishikawa, Hiroichi; Saito, Kazuto; Koganemaru, Hiroshi; Hitomi, Shigemi

doi:10.1016/j.jiac.2015.09.003

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of enterococci isolated from human mastitis have not been reported to date. In this study, the high level resistance to aminoglycosides exhibited by about 20% of isolates, as well as the remarkable resistance to erythromycin (86%), is in concordance with previous studies (Kristich et al, 2014; Chakraborty et al, 2015; Osuka et al, 2016). On the contrary, all isolates showed high susceptibility to ampicillin as reported for enterococci isolated from mastitic bovine milk (Nam et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Identification of Emerging Human Mastitis Pathogens by MALDI-TOF and Assessment of Their Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Marín

Arroyo²,

Espinosa-Martos³

et al. 2017

Front. Microbiol.

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Lactational mastitis constitutes one of the main causes of undesired weaning, depriving the mother–infant pair from the benefits of breastfeeding; therefore, this condition should be considered a relevant public health issue. The role of specific microorganisms remains unclear since human milk cultures and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) are not routinely performed, despite the fact that this would be key to ensure an early and effective diagnosis and treatment. The objective of this study was to describe the culturable microbial diversity in 647 milk samples from breastfeeding women with clinical symptoms of mastitis by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) VITEK MS technology and to analyze the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of a collection of isolates from these samples by the VITEK 2 AST system. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common species isolated from mastitis samples (87.6%), while Staphylococcus aureus was detected in 22.1%. Streptococci constituted the second (68.6%) most prevalent bacterial group, with Streptococcus mitis/oralis, Streptococcus salivarius, and Streptococcus parasanguinis detected with frequencies of 40.8, 36.8, and 14.4%, respectively. The antibiotic susceptibility profiles of 642 staphylococcal isolates indicated a remarkable resistance to benzylpenicillin (88.3%) and erythromycin (67.3%) with differences between species. A high percentage of Staphylococcus isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic (Staphylococcus hominis, 100%; S. epidermidis, 98.2%; S. aureus, 92.9%; Staphylococcus lugdunensis, 90.5%) and the percentage of multidrug-resistance (MDR) isolates was noticeable (S. hominis, 81%; S. epidermidis, 64.4%; S. aureus, 11.5%; S. lugdunensis, 10.5%). In relation to streptococcal isolates (n = 524), AST revealed high or moderate percentages of resistance to erythromycin (68.7%), benzylpenicillin (63.7%), ampicillin (51.5%), and tetracycline (30.8%). Antibiotic resistance to at least one antibiotic was detected in 97.6% of S. parasanguinis, 92.6% of S. salivarius, 83.3% of S. mitis/oralis, and 72.4% of Streptococcus vestibularis isolates. A significant number of MDR streptococcal isolates was also found (S. parasanguinis, 51.2%; S. salivarius, 39.3%; S. mitis/oralis, 34.6%; and S. vestibularis, 19%). The results highlight the important role of coagulase-negative staphylococci and streptococci as human mastitis-causing agents. Moreover, the high rates of antimicrobial resistance among these microorganisms must be contemplated as an issue of clinical relevance in relation to treatment options.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Identification of Emerging Human Mastitis Pathogens by MALDI-TOF and Assessment of Their Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Marín

Arroyo²,

Espinosa-Martos³

et al. 2017

Front. Microbiol.

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“…The prevalence of GEN-HLR in the present study (11.4%) was substantially lower than in recent reports from India, the Middle East, Australia, and Japan (22-55%) [32,[34][35][36][37]. However, aac(6 )-Ie-aph(2")-Ia, which is responsible for GEN-HLR, was more prevalent (21.9%) than the phenotypically detected GEN-HLR.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Drug Resistance Determinants in Clinical Isolates of Enterococcus faecalis in Bangladesh: Identification of Oxazolidinone Resistance Gene optrA in ST59 and ST902 Lineages

Roy

Aung

Paul³

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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Enterococcus faecalis is one of the major causes of urinary tract infection, showing acquired resistance to various classes of antimicrobials. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of drug resistance and its genetic determinants for E. faecalis clinical isolates in north-central Bangladesh. Among a total of 210 E. faecalis isolates, isolated from urine, the resistance rates to erythromycin, levofloxacin, and gentamicin (high level) were 85.2, 45.7, and 11.4%, respectively, while no isolates were resistant to ampicillin, vancomycin and teicoplanin. The most prevalent resistance gene was erm(B) (97%), and any of the four genes encoding aminoglycoside modifying enzyme (AME) were detected in 99 isolates (47%). The AME gene aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2”)-Ia was detected in 46 isolates (21.9%) and was diverse in terms of IS256-flanking patterns, which were associated with resistance level to gentamicin. Tetracycline resistance was ascribable to tet(M) (61%) and tet(L) (38%), and mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region of both GyrA and ParC were identified in 44% of isolates. Five isolates (2.4%) exhibited non-susceptibility to linezolide (MIC, 4 μg/mL), and harbored the oxazolidinone resistance gene optrA, which was located in a novel genetic cluster containing the phenicol exporter gene fexA. The optrA-positive isolates belonged to ST59, ST902, and ST917 (CC59), while common lineages of other multiple drug-resistant isolates were ST6, ST28, CC16, and CC116. The present study first revealed the prevalence of drug resistance determinants of E. faecalis and their genetic profiles in Bangladesh.

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“…The diversity of E. faecalis and E. faecium able to acquire genes encoding HLR to gentamicin and streptomycin, some clones with zoonotic potential, might facilitate the spread of these genes between different hosts, as recently reported in our area [19,25,28,29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Detection of β-Lactamase-Producing Enterococcus faecalis and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Isolates in Human Invasive Infections in the Public Hospital of Tandil, Argentina

et al. 2020

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The study’s aim was to analyze the population structure of enterococci causing human invasive infections in a medium-sized Argentinian Hospital coincidental with a 5 year-period of increased recovery of antibiotic resistant enterococci (2010–2014). Species identification (biochemical testing/MALDI-TOF-MS), antimicrobial susceptibility (disk-diffusion) and clonal relatedness (PFGE/MLST/BAPS) were determined according to standard guidelines. β-lactamase production was determined by a nitrocefin test and confirmed by PCR/sequencing. The isolates were identified as Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium at a 2:1 ratio. Most of the E. faecalis isolates, grouped in 25 PFGE-types (ST9/ST179/ST236/ST281/ST388/ST604/ST720), were resistant to high-levels (HLR) of gentamicin/streptomycin. A ST9 clone (bla+/HLR-gentamicin) was detected in patients of different wards during 2014. E. faecium isolates were grouped in 10 PFGE-types (ST25/ST18/ST19/ST52/ST792), with a low rate of ampicillin resistance. Five vancomycin-resistant E. faecium, three vanA (ST792/ST25) and two vanB (ST25) were detected. The ST25 clone carried either vanA or vanB. The recovery of a bla+-ST9-E. faecalis clone similar to that described in the late 1980s in Argentina suggests the possibility of a local hidden reservoir. These results reflect the relevance of local epidemiology in understanding the population structure of enterococci as well as the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance in predominant enterococcal clonal lineages.

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High-level aminoglycoside resistance in Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium causing invasive infection: Twelve-year surveillance in the Minami Ibaraki Area

Cited by 17 publications

References 9 publications

Identification of Emerging Human Mastitis Pathogens by MALDI-TOF and Assessment of Their Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Identification of Emerging Human Mastitis Pathogens by MALDI-TOF and Assessment of Their Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Drug Resistance Determinants in Clinical Isolates of Enterococcus faecalis in Bangladesh: Identification of Oxazolidinone Resistance Gene optrA in ST59 and ST902 Lineages

Detection of β-Lactamase-Producing Enterococcus faecalis and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Isolates in Human Invasive Infections in the Public Hospital of Tandil, Argentina

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